Kdb Q Moving Average

Seperti yang dibahas di akhir entri ramo, nama Kaeso adalah kelangsungan hidup luar biasa dari huruf K dalam bahasa Latin asli, setelah suara surat itu mulai diwakili oleh C. Diasumsikan secara luas bahwa adanya singkatan Merupakan faktor utama dalam melestarikan ejaan kuno. K. K karat Satu bagian kemurnian dua puluh empat, atau kehalusan. Emas murni adalah emas 24 karat 18 karat (paduan 75 Au melihat lonjakan emas) tidak terlihat berbeda secara substansial. Karat juga disingkat kt. Dan juga tulisan karat, meski kata yang terakhir mungkin bingung dengan ukuran bobot permata yang juga disebut karat. K Kay Texting singkatan untuk oke. K Kelvin. Lord Kelvin yang terkenal adalah George Thompson sebelum dia diangkat ke posisi sejawat (dan juga setelah itu). Skala suhu absolut kelvin lebih populer dari Rankine. Ini tidak mungkin dimengerti, terutama karena Kelvin tidak pernah menemukan mesin pendinginan yang tidak baik. Simbol derajat (176) seharusnya tidak (sez SI) digunakan dalam menentukan suhu absolut (meskipun baru pada tahun tujuh puluhan - saya tidak ingat kapan SI mengumumkan cara ini). Jadi, dengan gaya baru: 273.15 K 0176C K Kernschale. Jerman untuk cangkang nukleus. Artinya, cangkang elektronik yang paling dekat dengan nukleus. Ketika saya pertama kali menulis entri ini, kata itu adalah penjelasan paling umum yang pernah saya lihat tentang asal mula notasi K, L, M. yang digunakan dalam spektroskopi sinar-X dan di tempat lain. Saya belum pernah melihat kutipan yang sangat andal untuk klaim tersebut, terbukti karena ini adalah post facto - etimologi sains. Sekarang setelah mengetahui asal usul sebenarnya, entri ini akan mengarahkan orang-orang yang hanya mengetahui etimologi Kernschale ke sejarah yang benar. Intinya, skema itu dirancang oleh Charles Glover Barkla pada periode 1906-1911. William B. Jensen menerbitkan sebuah artikel pendek yang bagus tentang masalah ini pada tahun 2003, yang dia (atau lebih tepatnya Universitas Cincinnati, dari mana dia sekarang menjadi emeritus) secara on line. Etimologi lainnya yang saya lihat kurang sering (kecuali pengecualian Jerman): kernnah (dekat nukleus), kaerne (bahasa Denmark untuk inti), Kathodenstrahlung (sinar katoda), dan kurz (relatif pendek terhadap L, untuk lang , panjang). K Kicker Secara khusus, pemain sepak bola yang menendang PAT s dan FG s. Kick-off dan punts adalah tugas dari punter (P). K singkatan Standar awalan metrik kilo - untuk faktor seribu. K Kilo. Biasanya dikapitalisasi. Dalam penggunaan komputer, faktor 2 10 1024. Pertanyaan penting sering kali: Ks dari apa Dalam membahas memori RAM dan ROM sebagai perangkat atau keripik, ternyata itu berarti kilobit, jadi memori 16K hanya menyimpan 2 kilobyte. Di sisi lain, penyimpanan file size dan serial (magnetic dan optical disk) biasanya dalam hal byte, dan ketika penyimpanan RAM atau ROM dibahas dalam konteks sistem yang terintegrasi, yaitu penggunaan yang ada. Dengan kata lain, jika Anda menginstal delapan paket DRAM 4Meg pada motherboard Anda, sistem Anda akan menemukan kapasitas memori meningkat hanya 4Meg. (Man, entri ini cepat menua.) K Kilo. Tidak, ini sama dengan entri sebelumnya. Kilo di sini bukan singkatan, hanya nama alfabet fonetik yang direkomendasikan FCC. Yaitu. . Satu dari satu set kata yang dipilih untuk mewakili karakter abjad dengan inisial mereka. Anda tahu, Alpha Bravo Charlie. Gagasan di balik pilihan adalah memiliki kata-kata yang bisa ditebak oleh pendengar atau merekonstruksi secara akurat bahkan melalui kebisingan (atau bandwidth sempit, seperti telepon). Kilo jelas pilihan yang buruk. Gunakan Kitchen atau Kvetch atau Kelvinator atau Kiloton. K Kinase. Bagian dari banyak nama enzim. K. Kings. Kembali ketika sang raja tidak begitu seremonial, ini berarti sesuatu. Sekarang sebagian besar merupakan hiasan singkatan yang lebih panjang. K. B. Kings Bench K. C. Kings College K. C. Kings Counsel K. O.S. B. Kings Own Scottish Borderers K. Q. Dapur Raja dan Ratu (besi) K. Singkatan floorplan K. Knight. Menggabungkan bentuk - lebih memilih Kt. dalam isolasi. K. B. Ksatria Sarjana K. B.E. Panglima Ksatria Orde Kekaisaran Inggris K. B.S. Ksatria Sakramen Mahakudus K. C.B. Knight Commander dari Order of Bath K. C.M. G. Komandan Knight Ordo St. Michael dan St. George K. C.S. I. Komandan Knight Bintang India K. C.V. O. Komandan Knight dari Orde Victoria K. G. Ksatria Garter K. G.C. B. Knight Grand Cross Perintah Mandi K. H. Knight of Hanover (Obs.) K. P. Ksatria Ordo St. Patrick K. S.G. Ksatria Ordo St. Gregorius Agung K. T. Knight of the Order of the Thistle. (Knight Templar). K, K Konstant. Bagaimanapun, sebuah konstanta. Surat tersebut mungkin telah dipilih karena merupakan huruf pertama dalam kata Jerman Konstant. Tapi ada banyak konstanta dan banyak dari mereka membutuhkan nama variabel, dari waktu ke waktu. K huruf kecil digunakan untuk berbagai konstanta yang muncul dalam hukum aksi massa dalam kimia. Di berbagai bagian elektrostatika, k atau K adalah konstanta dielektrik berdimensi. Artinya, rasio permitivitas listrik dari bahan (mungkin homogen) terhadap permitivitas vakum. Insinyur listrik sering juga menulis Boltzmanns konstan hanya sebagai k. Hanya untuk menimbulkan masalah Wavevector magnitude juga sering ditulis sebagai k. Saya kira kembali pada masa optik di udara, itu sebagian besar konstan, tapi di optik media bias atau mekanika gelombang dari apa pun, k tidak terlalu konstan sama sekali. Oh well, setidaknya besarnya vektor, dan properti vektor biasanya ditunjukkan dengan beberapa tipografi. (Biasanya ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan cetak tebal, dan dengan panah atau garis di atas atau di bawah huruf tulisan tangan beberapa orang menggunakan garis berlekuk atau garis ganda. Dalam beberapa situasi, Anda memiliki vektor pada berbagai jenis ruang vektor , Dan Anda senang untuk semua klarifikasi yang bisa Anda dapatkan.) K Elemen kimia simbol untuk potasium. Dari Kalium. Latin untuk potassium. Nama latin itu terkait dengan qali Arab. Dengan artikel yang pasti, al qali adalah asal alkenal ilmiah internasional (ISV) alkali (q. v.). Kalium berada dalam kelompok IA (kolom) dari tabel periodik, yang disebut logam alkali. Nama potassium adalah bahasa Latinisasi istilah bahasa Inggris kalium, dari abu pot. Baru-baru ini seperti tahun 1930an di Cile, dan bahkan hari ini di tempat-tempat seperti Burma (Myanmar), orang-orang telah membuat sabun mereka sendiri, menggunakan potongan lemak atau lemak dari penyamak kulit atau tukang daging, dan menggunakan abu pot di rumah dalam proses saponifikasi. . Logam yang sangat lembut bisa Anda potong dengan sendok (kering). Anda ingin tetap bagus dan keperakan, Anda menyimpannya dalam minyak mineral untuk mencegah oksidasi. Bereaksi hebat dengan air (2K 2H 2 O - gt 2KOHH 2). Dengan kasar, saya maksudkan bahwa jika Anda melempar sedikit kalium ke dalam panci air, ia akan terpental keluar dari kekuatan hidrogen yang dihasilkan di bagian bawah yang bersentuhan dengan air. (Ini membantu sedikit bahwa potassium adalah logam ringan kedua, setelah lithium.) Kemudian, di atas lantai membakar habis air yang menempel di sana. Ini bukan percobaan yang bagus untuk dilakukan di ruang tamu. Anda ingin menggunakan kamar tidur kakak perempuan Anda, sekarang shes away di perguruan tinggi. Shell tidak pernah menduga itu kamu. (Jika kamar tidur Anda adalah bagian dari rumah yang sama, Anda mungkin juga ingin memastikan seluruh ruangan tahan api. Alat pemadam api mungkin atau mungkin tidak cukup.) Pisang adalah sumber potassium yang baik. Beberapa tahun yang lalu, David dan saudaranya turun dari pendakian di pegunungan dan kaki mereka gemetar, bukan karena hawa dingin. Jadi, seperti kata David, mereka pergi ke toko kelontong dan membeli beberapa pisang. Bagaimana orang mengetahui hal-hal seperti ini, mungkin saya pernah check in ke ruang gawat darurat dan pergi dengan pisang. Saya kira hal-hal tentang Gatorade yang menggantikan mineral yang Anda pakai (keringat) dalam olah raga tidak sepenuhnya hina. Kemudian, David dengan sengaja menyelamatkan proyek MS Windows karena akan ditinggalkan mendukung OS2 milik IBM sehingga Jennifer Edstrom dan Marlin Eller: Orang Barbar yang Dipimpin oleh Bill Gates (1998). Pisang khas mengandung 300-400 mg potassium. Pada tanggal 1 November 2000, Asosiasi Pisang Internasional dengan senang hati mengumumkan bahwa FDA. Yang memantau klaim kesehatan, telah menyetujui label yang mengatakan bahwa Diet yang mengandung makanan yang merupakan sumber potasium dan sodium yang rendah dapat mengurangi risiko tekanan darah dan stroke bagi pisang yang dijual di Amerika Serikat. K StriKe, di baseball. Jenis yang terjadi selama, bukan daripada, permainan. Major League Baseball mengalami pemogokan kedua pada 12 Juni sampai 10 Agustus di tahun 1981, dan dari 12 Agustus sampai akhir musim 1994 (pemilik membatalkan sisa musim ini pada tanggal 14 September). Dalam bisbol, tiga serangan membuat keluar. Dalam bowling, tiga pemogokan terkadang membuat kalkun. (Secara khusus, selama promosi sebelum Thanksgiving.) Dalam hoki, tiga gol oleh satu pemain membuat hattrick. Dengan minat yang sama: dalam aturan bisbol yang diumumkan oleh Alexander Cartwright pada tahun 1845 (lihat WS), nilai tersebut disebut ace. Nama itu diubah untuk berjalan pada konvensi pertama pemain bisbol, yang diadakan pada bulan Mei 1857 untuk mendamaikan perbedaan antara apa yang kemudian dikenal sebagai game New York dan game Massachusetts. Pertemuan ini juga menetapkan prinsip bahwa permainan dimenangkan oleh tim pertama yang akan memimpin pada akhir sembilan babak atau lebih. Sebuah belokan di kelelawar biasa disebut tangan. Tangan, ace - apakah ini menyarankan sesuatu Baseball adalah permainan bettors. Di bawah aturan Cartwrights, tim pertama yang mencetak dua puluh satu ace menang. Pertandingan bisbol pertama yang tercatat dimainkan oleh peraturan ini pada tanggal 19 Juni 1846. Diputuskan dalam empat babak dengan skor 23 banding 1. Tim yang kalah adalah Cartwrights own Knickerbocker. Perut New York Knickerbocker, dan semua pemain lainnya, mengenakan celana jepit - celana panjangnya ditutup rapat untuk ditutup di betis. Di Chile pada 1920-an, ini dikenal sebagai guardapedos. Kira-kira kentut penangkap Di AS dan di tempat lain di era itu, celana pendek atau celana pendek adalah pakaian standar untuk semua kesempatan, dan sepasang celana panjang atau kaki pendek pertama adalah tanda usia yang akan datang. Nama tim New York Knickerbockers terus digunakan dalam bentuk shortened sebagai nama franchise New York NBA. Knicks. Mereka memakai celana pendek. Di Inggris hari ini, celana dalam adalah apa yang orang Amerika sebut celana dalam. Jika informasi ini mengganggu Anda, lihat entri Nick. Permainan yang direkam pertama itu adalah bagian dari tradisi olahraga lain yang berlanjut sampai hari ini: Knickerbocker yang dipermalukan dan penyiksa mereka, the New Yorks, keduanya - Anda mungkin sudah bisa menebaknya - tim New York, dan mereka bermain di New Jersey (Elysian Fields , Di Hoboken). Tradisi perhotelan menguntungkan ini berlanjut di New Jersey Meadowlands hari ini. Stadion Giants. Bagian dari Kompleks Olahraga Meadowlands. Adalah lapangan rumah bagi waralaba NFL New York City: New York Jets dan New York Giants. Kembali di tahun sembilan belas tujuh puluhan, ketika tim New York ini mulai memainkan permainan rumah mereka di New Jersey, satu tim pro lainnya pindah dan mengganti namanya: the New York Nets, yang menjadi New Jersey Nets. Kami semua mengira mereka sangat mengerikan sehingga mereka hanya memiliki sedikit penggemar New York untuk mengasingkan dengan perubahan namanya. KA tetap hidup Pesan yang digunakan di link management interface (LMI) dari port frame relay, untuk memverifikasi integritas link. Sentuh, tetaplah hidup - bisikan manis dari dunia elektronik. KADA Kathleen, Adam, David, dan Ashley. Nama, masing-masing, istri dan anak dari pemilik, pemilik sendiri, dan putrinya. Pertama kali saya melihat KADA, saya berasumsi itu hanya nama yang tidak biasa (disulam di atas saku dada kanan). Pada kunjungan berikutnya saya melihatnya lagi, dan saya pikir terlalu banyak kebetulan bagi dua orang yang berbeda untuk memiliki di toko yang sama. Hipotesis: mungkin mereka berbagi seragam Mengumpulkan data eksperimental tambahan: jadi saya melihat sekeliling, dan saya perhatikan bahwa semua karyawan tampaknya memiliki nama KADA. Saya bertanya kepada wanita yang mengambil uang saya, dan dia menjelaskan, menambahkan bahwa gudang telah bekerja di sana selama dua tahun dan baru belakangan ini ditemukan. Thats oke: saya juga lambat. Saya hanya memperhatikannya setelah masuk setidaknya beberapa kali selama lima tahun terakhir. Jadi, bukan beberapa waralaba korporat anonim: McDonaldses ini (yang berada di selatan SR 933, kurang dari satu mil sebelum Mendozas dan satu lagi di Indian Ridge Boulevard di Mishawaka) adalah restoran keluarga. Sebenarnya, pada tahun 1992 seragam tersebut berubah (tidak ada perubahan kepemilikan) dan tidak lagi mengenakan logo KADA. Tapi sekarang (87inter 2006), orang-orang yang berada di depan rumah harus mengenakan dasi atau medali perak yang berjalan di mana simpul dasi akan pergi. Anda tahu, bisnis makanan cepat saji sangat kompleks, dengan hati-hati dikalibrasi barang. Jika terserah saya, saya tidak berpikir Id tahu bahwa sudah waktunya untuk menghapus logo atau menambahkan medali. Di sisi positifnya, saya akan tahu bahwa sudah waktunya untuk menghapus tabel. Dalam ejaan karakter Romawi Ladino. Kada mungkin masing-masing (cada dalam bahasa Spanyol). KaDeWe Ka ufhaus de s Kami stens. Jerman: Department Store Barat. KAED Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry. Pangkalan Angkatan Udara KAFB Kirtland. Rumah Sandia National Labs - Albuquerque. Kagaku kata asli jepang sekarang digunakan dalam artian sains. Anak Kagoy Semakin Tua Muda. Akronim digunakan di industri mainan sebagai nama sebuah fenomena yang mengkhawatirkan: anak-anak kehilangan minat pada mainan anak-anak biasa di usia muda, dan beralih ke permainan video, internet, dan TV kabel. Misalnya, action figure (boneka anak laki-laki) yang biasa memegang perhatian anak usia 8 tahun sekarang hanya bisa dipasarkan sampai usia 3-5 tahun. Itu bukan satu-satunya masalah yang dihadapi produsen mainan, menurut sebuah artikel oleh Constance L. Hays untuk New York Times. 23 Februari 2005. Penjualan mainan didominasi oleh diskon seperti Wal-Mart dan Target. Ini tidak hanya memberi tekanan pada margin, tapi juga berfokus hanya pada persediaan barang dagangan yang paling cepat bergerak dan menjual merek knock-off. Karena itu, toko yang mengkhususkan pada mainan dan permainan kehilangan bisnis dan tutup, beragam produk yang dapat menemukan ruang kosong berkurang, dan investasi pada game baru menjadi tidak menguntungkan. Di antara rantai spesialis yang menyusut atau menyusut, FAO Inc. induk dari rantai FAO Schwarz dan Zany Brainy, bangkrut pada akhir tahun 2003, dan muncul hanya dengan pajangan tradisionalnya di Fifth Avenue di Manhattan, dan satu toko di Las Vegas. ToysRUs dijual, dan seperti KB Toys telah melihat penurunan penjualan. Menurut laporan selanjutnya, ToysRUs, yang telah direstrukturisasi pada tahun 2004, dijual ke sekelompok tiga perusahaan ekuitas swasta (disebut sponsor keuangan dalam bahasa perbankan investasi) sebesar 6,6 miliar. Kai Kata Yunani utama yang berarti dan. Oleh karena itu, dengan keputusan Dr. Zamenhof (Doktoro Esperanto), kaj adalah Esperanto dan. KAIMH Kansas Association untuk Kesehatan Mental Bayi. Afiliasi Asosiasi Dunia untuk Kesehatan Mental Bayi. Ini adalah asosiasi profesional di Kansas yang peduli dengan perkembangan emosional bayi. Cosmopolitan Kansas harus menghadapi dunia. KAIMH menawarkan sebagian besar materinya dalam bahasa Spanyol (terjemahan yang kikuk tapi mudah dimengerti) dan bahasa Prancis dan juga bahasa Inggris. Nama resminya dalam bahasa ini adalah Asociacioacuten de Kansas por la Salud Mental del Bebeacute dan Association de Kansas menuangkan la Santeacute Mentale du Nourisson. Resp. Kaisha Jepang ese kata yang berarti perusahaan, perusahaan, kantor. Kadang-kadang digunakan dalam bahasa Inggris untuk berarti perusahaan Jepang. Kaizen Sebuah kata Jepang yang berarti perbaikan. Digunakan dalam bisnis dengan pengertian khusus perbaikan inkremental namun terus-menerus. Sering dipuji sampai sekitar tahun 1991 sebagai rahasia kesuksesan industri Jepang. Lihat, misalnya, Maasaaki Imais Kaizen: Kunci Kesuksesan Kompetitif Jepang (Random House, 1986). Buku ini dilindungi hak cipta oleh The KAIZEN Institute, Ltd. yang mengklaim merek dagang di KAIZEN. Kako Bebas kolesterol asin. Betapa sangat unik. Saya harap itu tidak semua mereka bebas dari. Didistribusikan oleh Kako, Inc. dari Berwyn, IL. Cf. CACO Chocolate Sandwich Cookie. Kako Kakou nama Jepang untuk umur 61. Bagaimana dengan 77. kalpa Istilah sanskrit banyak digunakan dalam Buddhisme. Unit waktu sama dengan durasi psikoterapi. Juga longgar diterjemahkan sebagai waktu terpanjang yang tidak benar-benar tak terbatas. Heres definisi yang lebih teknis: Seribu mahayugas - 4,320,000,000 tahun perhitungan manusia - merupakan satu hari Brahma, kalpa tunggal. KAM Keep-Alive Memory. KAM Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser. Teorema yang menakjubkan. Gangguan yang cukup kecil dari sistem yang dapat diintegrasikan meninggalkan wilayah yang terukur dengan perilaku kualitatif (nonmixing) yang sama seperti sistem integrase awal, dan ukuran wilayah luar biasa menyusut dengan besarnya perturbasi. Sangat kasar berbicara. Teorema tersebut diusulkan oleh A. N. Kolmogorov di Dokl. Akad. Nauk USSR 98. 527 (1954) ini terjadi pada masa perang dingin sebelum Sputnik dan sebelum meliput terjemahan jurnal ilmiah Soviet. Teorema ini dibuktikan secara independen oleh V. I. Arnold, Uspekhi Mat. Nauk. 18. 13 (1963) Eng. Terjemahan Matematika Rusia Surv. 18. 85 (1963) dan oleh J. Moser, Nachr. Akad. Wiss. Goumlttingen. 1 (1962). Kamikaze Japan ese: angin ilahi. Nama ini dengan legenda merujuk pada topan yang pada tahun 1281 menghancurkan sebuah armada dari Kekaisaran Mongol dan menyelamatkan Jepang dari invasi. Menjelang akhir Perang Dunia II. Ketika Kekaisaran Jepang telah terdesak mundur dari penaklukan Samudra Pasifik, namanya, eh, dibangkitkan. Ini menggambarkan penerbangan pilot bunuh diri yang akan menabrakkan pesawat peledak mereka ke kapal armada Amerika yang diperkirakan akan menyerang Jepang. Keberadaan istilah ini secara efektif membatasi jangkauan semantik istilah bom bunuh diri. Bahasa Jepang diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Inggris (di sini dan biasanya) dengan menggunakan sistem Hepburn. Seperti kebanyakan Romanisasi yang paling terkenal dan populer belakangan ini, ini sama fonetiknya dan sepelektif mungkin. Huruf i dan e mewakili vokal yang berbeda, diucapkan dengan cara yang khas di antara bahasa-bahasa Eropa selain bahasa Inggris. Kesalahan terbesar yang dibuat oleh penutur bahasa Inggris yang mengucapkan kata ini (dan juga karaoke) adalah mengucapkan e akhir sebagai ee, bukan eh yang benar. Dan jangan shwa itu menjadi eh. Di Jepang, itu terjadi pada akhir u dan tidak ada vokal lain di posisi akhir. Kata kami Yang ilahi dalam angin ilahi, memiliki rentang semantik yang berbeda dari pada kata bahasa Inggris yang ilahi - tidak mengejutkan, mengingat berbagai tradisi gagasan religius dan terkait. Tidak ada konteks historis yang asli, terjemahan alternatif kamikaze yang masuk akal mencakup angin iblis dan angin iblis. Persepsi alternatif (dari sudut pandang Anglophone tradisional) kami terjadi dalam beberapa legenda yang diceritakan kembali pada entri yang tidak masuk akal, tapi selama Anda berada di halaman ini Anda mungkin harus membaca entri Kaopectate (infra) terlebih dahulu. Kana Sebuah kata Jepang yang berarti: Salah satu karakter dalam silabus Jepang. Satu atau kedua silabus Jepang (hiragana dan katakana). Sistem penulisannya menggunakan silabus Jepang. Dengan kata lain, sebelum membahas secara terperinci, mari kita mengerti bahwa satu kata kana dalam bahasa Jepang memiliki arti yang sesuai dengan istilah surat. Alfabet Dan penulisan abjad dalam bahasa Inggris. Penggunaan ganda ini lebih alami dalam bahasa Jepang daripada bahasa-bahasa Eropa, karena beberapa alasan. (Jika Anda merasa nyaman dengan itu dan hanya ingin tahu tentang kana, lompatlah ke paragraf yang tidak diinginkan berikutnya.) Pertama, karena kata benda Jepang tidak dipungut untuk nomor (atau untuk hal lain, sebenarnya beberapa kata sifat telah dipancarkan). Dengan demikian, kata tunggal kana harus berarti karakter silabus dan karakter silabus. Ini berarti bahwa apa yang dianggap sebagai pengertian kata yang berbeda dalam bahasa Inggris dapat sesuai dengan satu pengertian bahasa Jepang, di mana jumlah gramatikal bukanlah bagian penting dari penandaan. Jika Anda mempertimbangkan bagaimana Anda akan mengatakan bahwa sebuah buku vokal, kata, atau (anak-anak) tunggal ditulis dengan menggunakan karakter silabus, jelas bahwa semua arti setidaknya diperbolehkan untuk satu istilah tunggal (bila tidak ada perbedaan tunggal-jamak ). Kedua, orang Jepang tidak membuat perbedaan yang kuat antara bahasa Inggris yang pasti dan tidak pasti. Untuk subjek kalimat, ada alternatif partikel - ga dan - wa. Partikel ini adalah subjek dari keseluruhan buku yang belum pernah saya baca. Seseorang mungkin bisa menulis seluruh buku tentang perbedaan dalam bahasa Inggris, dan untuk alasan yang sama. Dalam bahasa Inggris frasa kata benda biasanya dimulai dengan atau, beberapa, artikel null (atau kata sifat kuantitatif atau demonstratif), dan kata-kata kecil ini menyampaikan sejumlah jenis informasi yang berbeda. Dalam rangkaian pola yang kompleks yang bergantung pada jumlah kata benda namat, mereka mengindikasikan (atau hanya menyarankan) hal-hal seperti apakah kata benda dianggap dapat dihitung atau tidak terhitung, apakah telah diperkenalkan sebelumnya, dan apakah spesifik (pasti) Obyek dianggap (Catatan bahwa dua yang terakhir tidak selalu dalam hubungan yang konsisten. Gaelik Irlandia memiliki artikel yang pasti dan tidak pasti yang sesuai dengan yang ada dalam bahasa Inggris, namun ketika subjek baru diperkenalkan, pola artikel yang pasti dan tidak pasti dibalik dari apa yang diharapkan oleh analogi. Dengan bahasa Inggris.) Selain aspek denotatif makna artikel, ada aspek konotatif. Misalnya, menggunakan beberapa dengan nomina hitungan tunggal bisa meremehkan atau meremehkan (beberapa orang mengatakan kepada saya). (Baiklah, baiklah: Anda dapat menganggap beberapa di sini sebagai pengukur daripada sebuah artikel. Bahasa adalah kategori gramatikal sebenarnya hanya pola yang diabstraksikan, dan seseorang dapat membedakan pola yang berbeda, kombinasi aturan dan pengecualian yang berbeda.) Menggunakan beberapa kata benda yang tepat menghasilkan Umumnya positif infleksi makna (bukan Mr William Godwin). Bahasa yang menggunakan banyak deklarasi yang berbeda sering menggunakan kata benda terpisah yang disebut partitive untuk mengekspresikan gagasan yang diungkapkan oleh beberapa atau beberapa bahasa Inggris. Orang Jepang-dan dan-lebih banyak yang harus dilakukan dengan apakah subjek telah diperkenalkan sebelumnya (yang sesuai dengan kenyataan bahwa perbedaan - ga-wa tidak tersedia untuk objek kalimat). Mereka jauh lebih tidak berhubungan dengan kepastian dan ketidakpedulian. Tidak mengherankan, orang Jepang memiliki kesulitan yang jauh lebih besar untuk menguasai perbedaan itu daripada penutur asli bahasa Eropa di mana perbedaan definitif hanya kurang tajam daripada bahasa Inggris. Relevansi perbedaan definitif adalah bahwa hal itu memungkinkan untuk membedakan dengan mudah antara indra jamak 2 dan 3 pada awal entri ini. Ini adalah paragraf tak tertulis berikutnya yang saya sebutkan tadi. Mungkin hal pertama yang harus dikatakan adalah bahwa dua set kana (hiragana dan katakana) hampir sepenuhnya setara secara fonemik. Perbedaannya adalah serupa dengan teks yang dicetak miring dan tidak diartikulasikan: Katakana digunakan untuk menulis pinjaman dari bahasa lain selain bahasa China. Hiragana digunakan untuk hampir semua hal lainnya. Kata asli Jepang atau kata pinjaman bahasa China dapat ditulis dalam hiragana. Gaya dewasa yang baik, bagaimanapun, menuntut penggunaan kanji untuk sebagian besar konten. Di sisi lain, bahasa Jepang adalah bahasa yang agak terinduksi (kata kerja dan beberapa kata sifat yang disorot untuk tegang, beberapa hal keigo berbentuk infleksi, seperti permainan sopan di mana-mana). Partikel terjadi sebagai postposisi dan tanda-tanda kasus (seperti preposisi atau kata benda deklarasi) yang tampaknya membenci kebanyakan kata benda. Infeksi ini ditulis dalam hiragana. Hiragana dan kanji juga bercampur aduk dalam kata majemuk. Ada berbagai pengecualian terhadap pembagian kerja hiragana katakana: katakana dapat digunakan untuk penekanan, seperti huruf miring dalam bahasa Inggris yang juga digunakan untuk kejelasan, seperti huruf blok dalam bahasa Inggris (lihat furigana untuk sebuah contoh). Hiragana kadang-kadang digunakan karena kesalahan kata-kata yang sepertinya tidak asing. Salah satu contohnya adalah tempura. Dibahas bersama dengan contoh kana lainnya di entri AACM. Untuk satu atau dua kekurangan kana. Lihat entri gakki Untuk gambaran singkat tulisan Jepang (sekarang dia bilang) lihat benny entry. Wah, masih banyak yang tersisa untuk dikatakan. Saya kira entri ini masih dalam proses pembangunan. Baik dimasukkan sedikit demi sedikit. Kanji Nama negara, bendungan, dan waduk di Nigeria utara. Kanji nama Jepang untuk karakter logografi Cina (Han) yang digunakan dalam bahasa Jepang. (Dalam bahasa Mandarin hari ini mereka disebut hanzi.) Tokoh-tokoh Cina tiba di Jepang membawa sastra China, dan untuk sementara ini terutama untuk tujuan mereka. Bahasa Jepang tetap menjadi bahasa lisan, dan bahasa Tionghoa adalah bahasa learneacuted (pengucapan petunjuk di sana) yang dibaca, ditulis, dan mungkin salah paham. Orang Cina memainkan peran dalam bahasa Jepang yang mirip dengan bahasa Latin dalam bahasa Inggris, bahasa Yunani dalam bahasa Latin, dan bahasa Sansekerta dalam bahasa Indonesia (dan di Jawa Kuno sebelumnya): bahasa prestise yang telah lama memberikan infus kata-kata pinjaman yang luas, dan berlanjut Digunakan untuk menciptakan neologisme oleh orang-orang yang umumnya tidak mengenal bahasa aslinya. Kata-kata pinjaman paling awal dari orang Cina ke Jepang mungkin adalah kata-kata pertama bahasa Jepang yang bisa ditulis. Ketika sebuah kanji mewakili kata semacam itu, dikatakan memiliki pembacaan. Kanji juga mulai digunakan untuk mewakili kata-kata asli Jepang dengan makna serupa (ini adalah pembacaan kun). Akhirnya, bentuk kanji terpilih yang dipilih digunakan, dengan prinsip akronim, untuk mewakili suku kata dasar bahasa Jepang, dan ini menjadi kana. Persamaan terdekat yang bisa saya pikirkan dalam bahasa Inggris muncul dari simbol unsur kimia. Persamaan yang lengkap namun usang terjadi ketika seseorang membaca simbol kimia S sebagai sebuah kata: membacanya sebagai belerang adalah jenis pembacaan, karena kata ini secara etimologis terkait dengan dasar simbol belerang adalah semacam kun membaca, karena mengasosiasikan sebuah Secara etimologis tidak terkait tapi secara semantik mirip (dan setara secara kimiawi) kata ke simbol yang disingkat sulfur (atau belerang Inggris atau soufre Prancis). Situasi serupa disajikan oleh simbol kimia W. yang menyingkat kata Wolfram dari Jerman. Dalam bahasa Inggris ini adalah pronouced two-yoo atau tungsten, yang terakhir menjadi nama etimologis yang tidak terkait untuk unsur yang sama persis. Tungsten adalah sesuatu seperti kun membaca. Keberatan yang masuk akal terhadap kesamaan nomenklatur kimia adalah bahwa S dan W benar-benar dimaksudkan untuk mewakili unsur kimia (atau atom atau mol atau fraksi tetap dari unsur atau nukleusnya dalam formula nuklir). Dengan kata lain, simbol kimia adalah bagian dari sistem penulisan semasiografi, yang dimaksudkan untuk mewakili gagasan secara independen dari bahasa. (Ungkapan dan pernyataan matematis, dan lambang lalu lintas internasional, adalah contoh standar penulisan semasiografi.) Karakter Han dalam bahasa Cina (seperti logograf skrip Maya dan Sumeria, sejauh yang kita tahu) benar-benar logografis: semuanya dimaksudkan sebagai Representasi visual pidato Di sisi lain, sistem penulisan semasiografi telah dikembangkan untuk mengkomunikasikan secara tertulis jenis gagasan yang biasanya disampaikan oleh bahasa alami dalam pidato. Saya berpikir bahwa A Study of Writing. Oleh I. J. Gelb (Univ. Of Chicago Pr 1963) dimulai dengan penjelasan lengkap tentang bagaimana menafsirkan beberapa skrip semasiografi Amerika Asli dan Siberia. Menurut sifatnya, sistem penulisan semacam itu hanya terikat secara longgar dengan bahasa tertentu. Misalnya, Nahuatl adalah bahasa dominan peradaban Aztec, namun naskah semasiografi mereka digunakan oleh suku-suku tetangga yang berbicara bahasa yang sangat berbeda. Semua sistem penulisan untuk bahasa alami memiliki tingkat ambiguitas, jika hanya karena bahasa alam berkembang dengan cara yang tidak dapat diperkirakan saat skrip dilembagakan. Beberapa skrip lebih ambigu dari yang lain. Pembacaan kanji pada dan kun biasanya bisa dibedakan berdasarkan konteks, tapi terkadang tidak. Ini adalah sesuatu seperti ambiguitas homograf dalam bahasa Inggris, kecuali bahwa kata-kata yang gagal dibedakan bukanlah kata-kata dengan (mungkin) suara serupa tapi kata-kata dengan makna serupa. Ini seperti memiliki keramat dan suci. Atau asam dan asam. Diwakili oleh simbol yang sama. Dengan cara ini, bahasa Jepang menulis sedikit ke semasiografi. Dalam berbagai situasi, seseorang menggunakan kana untuk mengklarifikasi pengucapan (dan karenanya pembacaan) kanji. Kana ini disebut furigana. Beberapa bacaan, menyebabkan setidaknya dua pengucapan untuk satu kanji. Tampaknya dianggap sebagai masalah yang kurang dari masalah homofon dan homograf ketika kata-kata ditulis hanya dengan menggunakan kana. (Untuk contoh masing-masing, lihat entri gakki.) Tulisan fonetik yang menggunakan kana saja telah sering diadvokasi dari waktu ke waktu sehingga gerakan semacam itu selalu gagal. Ada perasaan luas yang tidak praktis. Kanjinshugi Jepang ese: contextualism. Apa hubungannya dengan apa pun Mengapa ada entri untuk kata ini di sini Mengapa Anda di sini Apa arti semua Kansas grup rock? Hit Terbesar: Debu di Angin. Orang-orangan sawah mendengarkan dengan saksama, dan berkata, saya tidak mengerti mengapa Anda harus meninggalkan negara yang indah ini dan kembali ke tempat abu-abu kering yang Anda hubungi di Kansas. Itu karena Anda tidak memiliki otak menjawab gadis itu. Tidak peduli betapa suram dan abu-abu rumah kita, kita orang-orang dari daging dan darah lebih suka tinggal di sana daripada di negara lain, jadilah begitu indah. Tiada tempat seperti rumah. Orang-orangan sawah itu mendesah. Tentu saja saya tidak bisa memahaminya, katanya. Jika kepala Anda dipenuhi jerami, seperti tambang, Anda mungkin semua akan tinggal di tempat yang indah. Dan kemudian Kansas sama sekali tidak memiliki orang. Beruntung bagi Kansas bahwa Anda memiliki otak. - Wizard of Oz yang indah (1900), oleh L. Frank Baum, ch. 4 (Jalan Menuju Hutan). Ini mungkin menyiratkan sesuatu tentang tingkat kecerdasan di California dan Florida, tapi saya tidak yakin. Aku harus memikirkannya. Pada tahun 1996, Senator Dole (R - KS) hanya ingin tinggal di luar selama empat tahun, bukan masa enam tahun. Pasti rindu kampung halaman. Kanshibun Sebuah kumpulan ikan Jepang yang menggabungkan kanshi dan kambun - puisi Cina dan prosa Cina, masing-masing - dan berarti puisi dan prosa China, cukup alami. Seperti yang mungkin Anda duga, tumpang tindih kata-kata itu sedikit lebih besar daripada yang terlihat: morfem pertama dalam kedua kata itu sesuai dengan kanji dengan bacaan kan, tapi di kambun konsonan n kan diasimilasi ke bilabial b sanggul dan menjadi Bilabial nasal m. Ini adalah pergeseran reguler sebelum bilabials (setidaknya b, p, dan m - Saya tidak yakin tentang f). Dalam versi asli Romanisasi Hepburns, perubahan ini ditunjukkan dengan mewakili n sebagai m. Dalam versi modern, umum untuk mempertahankan n. Makanya varian sammai dan sanmai. Kaopectate Pada penghargaan Golden Globe, pada tanggal 22 Januari 1996, Brad Pitt berbicara demikian: Id mengucapkan terima kasih kepada anggota - sebenarnya, pembuat Kaopectate. Mereka telah melakukan pelayanan yang baik untuk sesama. Aku rindu itu, tapi web adalah pengganti lumayan untuk tabung. In an acceptance speech given at the 1991 Emmy awards ceremony, Kirstie Alley thanked her husband Parker Stevenson for giving me the big one for the last eight years. They didnt split up until late in 1996. Basically, what this shows is that actors should not be allowed to speak without a script. (See also lightness .) This is not a new thought, of course. Warner Brothers pioneered sound movies in 1927 in 1925, when CEO Sam had proposed the idea, Harry had had his reservations. Apparently he eventually came around: Who the hell wants to hear actors talk The music -- thats the big plus about this. KAOS The bad guys organization in the sixties TV series Get Smart. KAOS is not an acronym but it does sound like chaos (unlike gas. q. v. ). KAOS is not to be written with periods ( K. A.O. S.). The good guys organization is CONTROL. Karfreitag German for Good Friday. See karg for etymology. karg A once common German word with senses like scanty, meager, frugal, poor, sparing, stinting, and limited. Many of the forms of this word which function in modern German as adverb and as absolute and comparative forms of the adjective (including karg, karge, karger, and kargere, and the allowed auml forms of all but the first) are now common surnames. The scarcity ( Kargheit ) of superlative and other inflected absolute forms like kargem . however, suggests that the word is tens of times more common as a surname than as a word -- something like smith or wright in English. (Yeah, Im going by ghits of German pages, and yes, the more common forms appear on pages where the word is almost always a surname.) You might think Karg and its congeners are common surnames because the names were assigned when there were a lot of people who were poorly, poor, and poorer. There were, but thats not the reason. The meaning of the word has drifted far. This word, and the cognate English words care and chary, ultimately arise from a proto-Germanic root kara, care in a now literary sense, sorrow, trouble. There doesnt seem to be any reflex of the original noun in modern German, except in Karfreitag and Karwoche. Karfreitag is literally lamentation friday, called Good Friday in English. Karwoche is Holy Week. The y in chary and the g in all the other German forms stem from the g in the proto-Germanic adjective form karag-oz ( karag in Old High German). A possibly helpful aside: its interesting that there is a parallel association of sadness or cares with carefulness in reflexes of another root. Sorge (cognate with English sorrow but not with sorry ) means a trouble, worry, and sorgenvoll, which by construction is full of worries, means worried, anxious. But sorgsam, literally equivalent to troublesome, is more like taking trouble. The actual meaning of sorgsam is solicitous. In Middle High German, karag, (by then karc or karg ) also took senses much less associated with sorrow. Its new meanings clustered around clever, shrewd (the primary sense) and around close-fisted, mean, miserly, niggardly, parsimonious, penny-pinching, stingy, tightfisted (does English really have enough words for this second concept). I suppose the semantic-evolution reflects the old Sprichwort sadder and wiser. And presumably someone who was both sadder and wiser would be extremely unspendthrift, or say penurious and thrifty or stingy. One could see shrewd (German schlau ) as a bridge from clever ( klug ) to parsimonious (enough with the German already). The surname forms are generally taken to reflect the sense of clever. In English, Sharp and possibly Smart are similarly common surnames. ( Wise doesnt count, since its probably most often an Anglicized version of the German or Yiddish surname originally meaning white.) Incidentally, klug also gave rise to surnames, and the form Kluge, as a brand of equipment, is the source (in one telling) of the American engineering slang term kludge. In Modern German, the cluster of senses around clever stopped being expressed by the word karg, and the senses around parsimonious generalized so they no longer referred primarily to money. Hence the meanings listed at the top of this entry. See karg for etymology. karocircshi Japanese word for death from overwork. The Japanese Health Ministry officially recognized this phenomenon in 1987, and the official numbers showed the incidence of karocircshi increasing steadily in the years that followed. Prominent cases of karocircshi seem to involve the car industry. (No, its not how you might think. The word karocircshi is constructed on local roots. Also, the English word car has not been widely adopted in Japanese if it had been, it would most likely have taken a pronunciation that would be transliterated kacirc .) Karwoche German for Holy Week. See karg for etymology. KAS Kansas Academy of Science. Vide Kansas entry for possible clarification. Kate KDE Advanced Text Editor. katharevousa, katharevusa, katharevoussa One of two forms of Modern Greek. Specifically, the form that attempted to preserve traditional Greek as much as possible. (The other form we call demotic. Sounds kind of evil, doesnt it) The spellings given as headterm are different transliterations of the same word, given in decreasing frequency of occurrence. The word they transliterate is kathareuacuteousa in Modern Greek, feminine of kathareuacuteoacuten . from the present participle of the Ancient Greek verb kathareuacuteein to be pure. Katyusha Katey, in a rough translation from the Russian. Also Cathy and many similar names. To be precise, Katyusha is one of the very many diminutive and affectionate forms of the Russian womans name Ekaterina (initial E is normally palatalized in Russian, but transliterations like Yekaterina are less common) which is cognate with the English name Catherine . It is also the name applied since WWII to various rockets originally of Soviet design, particularly the M-8 and M-13. Katz An Ashkenazi name that looks like the German word for cat. (Itself an interesting word, because its gender is female regardless of the sex of the feline in question.) However, cat is not what the surname Katz stands for. It is in fact an ACRONYM, constructed from the Hebrew Kohen TZedek (priest of righteousness). You may recognize the three-character Hebrew root (tz)dk from the word tzedaka . charity. For more, see the gas entry. Kau Cow in German. Pronounced cow. Kaust, KAUST King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. A graduate school scheduled to open in September 2009, it was meant to be independent of the clerics who have controlled Saudi education since 1979. (Ive no certain idea how successful that has been.) kawaii Adorable in Japanese. k B Boltzmanns constant (so-called by Planck) relates energy units to temperature units 1.3806 215 10 -23 JK 8.617 215 10 5 eVK. Often written simply as k . and leading to confusion with other constants k. kb KiloBase. Base here refers to a nucleic acid base. kb, Kb KiloBit. Kilo in the sense of 2 10 1024. Add-on RAM is traditionally measured in bits (see the K - for-Kilo entry). You can still buy DIP s in the kilobit range, but you wouldnt put them in your computer. More likely in your toaster. KB Kings Bishop. Designation in the descriptive notation for the file designated f in the algebraic notations. One of the two files labeled B. for Bishop. KBE Knight Commander Of the British Empire. An honor typically bestowed by the British Monarch on US citizens who have contributed to the betterment of UK - US relations, Australians who ( mutatis mutandis ), etc. KBIT Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test. I dont know. If my briefs had any intelligence Id wear boxers. Boxers are not known for intelligence. Nononononono, sir I didnt mean it that way, sir, no Lord Roxton was hurled to one side, but Malone, with a footballers instinct, ducked his head and caught the prize-fighter round the knees. If a man is too good for you on his feet, then put him on his back, for he cannot be scientific there. From chapter 9, entitled Which Introduces Some Very Physical Phenomena, of The Land of the Mist. Pg. 423 of Sir Arthur Conan Doyles The Professor Challenger Stories . (John Murray, London, 1952). I suppose also that if my briefs had any intelligence (and hence alternate job prospects), Id have nothing else to wear but boxers. KBK Kadanoff-Baym Keldysh. Leo P. Kadanoff and G. Baym in the US, and independently Keldysh in the ol Soviet Union, developed equivalent formalisms for nonequilibrium ( i. e. time-dependent and not-necessarily-near-thermal-equilibrium) quantum field theory, based on two one-particle Greens functions and two correlation functions (only three quantities independent). Kadanoff and Bayms little book, Quantum Statistical Mechanics -- Greens Function Methods (New York: Benjamin, 1962), was out of print when I wanted it in the eighties, but it was still available cheap in Taiwan, possibly even legally. If youre not going to learn this material, then reading Kadanoff and Bayms compact book is almost the fastest way. Kboe Thousands of Barrels of Oil Equivalent. Kboed Thousands of Barrels of Oil Equivalent per Day. KC Kings Counsel. Even if the King is a queane, but not if the monarch is female. See QC for equally scintillating thoughts. KC Knights of Columbus. There doesnt seem to be a headquarters (Supreme Council) homepage, but you could visit Knightsite for lists of links, or Council 1477 (University of Notre Dame ). Ive been informed that the absence of an evident headquarters site is related to the Roman Catholic principle of subsidiarity. ltshruggt KC Knowledge Community. KCACTF, KCACTF Kennedy Center American College Theater Festival. Started in 1969 by Roger L. Stevens, the Kennedy Centers founding chairman. The Kennedy Center prefers the acronym without hyphen or slash. Theatre people outside KC officialdom tend to include a slash or hyphen, or omit the KC altogether, and also to write the penultimate word in the name as Theatre (see the theatre entry for more). kcal Kilo CALorie. Pronounced KAY-cal, the cal as in Calvin or Calvin Klein jeans. Also called kilogram calorie ( vide kg cal. ) and Calorie with a capital cee. KCL Kings College London. The initialism seems to be approximately as recognizable to UK academics as UCLA is to Americans. But whenever this American sees KCL, he thinks ( viz. I think ) of KCl first. In that spirit, I should clarify that London above is the one in England, and that UK is not the University of Kentucky . KCL Kirchhoff Current Law: the sum of currents into a node is zero. This is simply a statement of the law of conservation of current, in the context of a lumped-parameter circuit. KCN Chemical formula for potassium cyanide. Cyanide in the usual sense is a gas its (CN) 2 . Ingesting something like KCN is one way to commit suicide by cyanide poisoning. Its not a good way to go. A lot people who took cyanide in some form to commit suicide afterwards shot themselves. KCNA Korean Central News Agency. The state news (and news) agency of North Korea. KCS Knowledge and Cognitive Systems. An NSF program. KCTU Korean Confederation of Trade Unions. For many years, in the name of promoting rapid economic development, the government of the Republic of Korea suppressed independent labor movements. A general strike in 1987 caused a broad change in policy. Before 1987, most unions were organized not by trade or industry but by enterprise. After 1987, I forgot what I was going to write. KCWU (South) Korean Construction Workers Union. Originally organized as a trade union of blue-collar workers. Eventually merged with KFCTU to form KFCITU. KDB (South) Korea Development Bank. KDC (Encryption) Key Distribution Center. KDD Konika Direct Digitizer. KDE K Desktop Environment. The K doesnt stand for anything in particular, but KDE is a play on CDE -- Common Desktop Environment. (Adding a little bite to this is the fact that KDE was founded by Matthias Ettrich, a German student, while CDE was a joint development of the American companies HP, IBM, and Sun. German typically uses k to represent the unvoiced velar stop typically represented by c in English. The philosopher Immanuel Kant was the grandson of a Scottish saddler named Cant who emigrated to Prussia. Many examples of the kc correspondence are obvious: ( Kuh, cow kann, I, he can kenne, I know, more obviously related to the somewhat archaic word ken. There are at least a couple of factors that can make the connection less obvious: semantic shift and further sound changes. A good example of semantic obscuring of the relation is associated with the English word cup. This and the French word coupe, the word copa in Spanish and Portuguese, and coppa in Italian all have about the same meaning and are all derived from the Late Latin word cuppa, also meaning cup. The vocable was an early adoption old English (be fore 1000) as well as German. In German the skull came to be referred to metaphorically as a cup to hold the brain, and eventually to the head. The word is currently spelled Kopf. (A historical parallel is mentioned under Goran GROSSKOPF .) The word Kopf is perhaps still widely remembered by English-speakers from the compound Dummkopf, dumb head. (For a bit on the ppf connection, see the kfm entry below.) KDI Knowledge and Distributed Intelligence. Name of an initiative at NSF. If you fund it, they will come. kDNA Kinetoplast DeoxyriboNucleic Acid. A kinetoplast is a mass of circular DNA inside a large mitochondrion, consisting of multiple copies of the mitochondrial genome. Kinetoplasts are only found in organisms (protozoans, actually) of the class kinetoplastea. KDP Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (K H 2 PO 4 ). Along with ADP a popular crystal for second-harmonic generation in nonlinear optics. Cleveland Crystals offers a tutorial. Cf. KDP. KDP Deuterated KDP ( q. v. ): Potassium dideuterium phosphate (K D 2 PO 4 ). Most properties, as one would expect, are similar to the majority-isotope KDP. However, the piezoelectric coefficients can be almost a factor of three larger for fully-deuterated KDP. KDV Korteweg-de Vries (a soliton equation). KampE Keuffel amp Esser. Biggest US manufacturer of slip stick s (slide rules) until the bottom fell out of the market in the early seventies. KEDO Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization. Funded through financial support from member the US, Japan. South Korea. and the EU have members on the executive board other members are Argentina, Australia, Canada, Chile, the Czech Republic, Indonesia, New Zealand, Poland, and Uzbekistan and contributing countries, KEDO was created in 1995 to advance the implementation of the Agreed Framework between the United States and the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea (DPRK ), under which the DPRK agreed to freeze and ultimately dismantle its existing nuclear program. In return, KEDO is providing the DPRK with alternative sources of energy in the form of heavy fuel oil and a modern nuclear power plant that will be built, operated, and regulated in accordance with international standards of safety. Through its activities, KEDO is contributing to a stronger international nuclear non-proliferation regime, while improving the prospects for lasting peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula and beyond. The page from which the above material is quoted was last updated in 2002. Keebler Elvis A singular of the Keebler Elves. (It just came to me that it had to be a third-declension critter.) KEEL Greek. Center of Greek Folklore Research. keep in touch, Lets Code phrase spoken by the male party at the end of a blind date to communicate that he never wants to meet the female party ever again under any circumstances. keep in touch, We should Dont call me. A variant of Lets keep in touch . kegels Exercises of a certain sort. See keggles. keggles Informal name for Kegels exercises, named after A. H. Kegel, a US gynecologist who thought them up. Keggles consist of alternate contraction and relaxation of the perineal muscles. Its intended to reduce urinary stress incontinence, but men have reported side benefits. keigo Japan ese: respect word or honorific language. Its hard to translate into English somewhat as futon is hard to translate: theres no native term for the thing because it didnt exist in English-speaking culture. Keigo subsumes all the inflections and alternate wordings used to show respect or deference. It corresponds to the polite or formal forms in European languages, but its much more pervasive. Kellogg Institute The Helen Kellogg Institute for International Studies aims to advance investigation in comparative international studies. Named to honor the woman who donated the initial endowment for it, the Institute is a research center at the University of Notre Dame. The Kellogg Institute promotes international research by attracting faculty, students, and visitors to Notre Dame and by providing them with a supportive community of scholarship, through various activities. KELP An AM radio station in El Paso, Texas, which is hundreds of miles from the sea. KELP Kindergarten Evaluation of Learning Potential. Kennedy Men Members of a famous political family for whom the term lady-killers might have been specifically invented. Kepler The title of Keplers book Harmonices mundi libri V is often given in translation as Harmonies of the World . Oh nooo Kepler was an excellent student of Latin and Greek. and he knew better what he was writing. Harmonices is the genitive singular of the Greek word harmonicecirc (ecirc is used to represent a long Greek ee in Latin characters, i. e. an eta), an adjective modifying an implied noun episteme (meaning knowledge, or theory). What can be deceptive is that Harmonices looks so much like a Latin nominative plural ( e. g. homines, mulieres, reges). The context, however, makes sense of the use of the genitive singular for the Greek word. A clumsy but accurate translation would be: The Five Books of on the Theory of Harmony of the World or Universe It is also worth noting that the Greeks used harmonice episteme to mean the mathematical theory of music, as distinct from harmonica (neuter plural nominative, compare physica), meaning musical theory presumably in a more general sense. Perhaps this is a good place to note that this glossary represents the work of many contributors. KERA Kentucky Education Reform Act. kerfuffle How could we not have a kerfuffle entry. Okay, okay This is the kerfuffle entry Sheeze You dont have to make such a-- such a fuss about it Kermit, KERMIT A file-transfer protocol from back in the day. The protocol began to be developed at Columbia University in 1980. By 1981, the year the IBM PC was introduced, it had been implemented in several no-frills programs, and in 1982 the developers started presenting it at user-group conferences. One of the virtues of Kermit was that it was based in the open-source world (which dealt and still deals mostly in ASCII and its descendants), but understood EBCDIC. which IBM mainframe computers of the time still used. I think the persistence of old IBM mainframes was a major factor that kept Kermit in wide use in the 1990s. As of 2009, I imagine someone somewhere still uses it. The name of the protocol, although often (and originally) written in all-caps, is not really an acronym. More precisely, it was never very successfully backronym ed. The true origin of the name is explained on the copyright page of Frank da Cruzs KERMIT: A File Transfer Protocol (Bedford, Massachusetts: Digital Press, 1987): The KERMIT File Transfer Protocol was named after the star of THE MUPPET SHOW television series. The name is used by permission of Henson Associates, Inc. The question of why the protocol was so named is answered in footnote 3 of page 3 of the cited work: Why Mostly because there was a Muppets calendar on the wall when we were trying to think of a name, and Kermit is a pleasant, unassuming sort of character. But since we werent sure whether it was OK to name our protocol after this popular television and movie star, we pretended that KERMIT was an acronym unfortunately, we could never find a good set of words to go with the letters, as readers of some of our early source code can attest. Later, while looking through a name book for his forthcoming baby, Bill Catchings noticed that noticed that Kermit was a Celtic word for free . which is what all Kermit programs should be, and words to this effect replaced the strained acronyms in our source code (Bills baby turned out to be a girl, so he had to name her Becky instead). When BYTE Magazine was preparing our 1984 Kermit article for publication they suggested we contact Henson Associates Inc. for permission to say that we did indeed name the protocol after Kermit the Frog. Permission was kindly granted, and now the real story can be told. I resisted the temptation, however, to call the present work Kermit the Book. A couple of the initialisms used have been are KL10 Error-free Reciprocal Micro Interconnect over TTY lines. and KL10 Error-free Reciprocal Microprocessor Interchange over TTY lines. So far as I can tell, the latter expansion exists primarily in Wikipedia and in its legion of imitators. (Hey-- create 1000 websites, fill them with free content and Google ads, and get rich quick Now Ive given away the secret.) It may be that the wiki expansion was originally a misrecollection of the Micro Interconnect version, but by now this probably-incorrect incorrect (in the sense that backronyms are generally incorrect) expansion has established a probably undislodgeable foothold in software history. The KL10 in the expansions is not entirely arbitrary: the PDP - 10 series of computers from DEC used processors in a series that started with KA10 (introduced in 1968, painstakingly handmade -- Im not kidding: the processors were made out of boards with 9 discrete transistors each, the backplanes wire-wrapped using a semi-automated manufacturing process ). This was replaced in 1973 by the KI10 (a bit more civilized, based on SSI TTL ). The letter L in the expansions above is often written minuscule (so Kl10), and KI (or Ki) would not be very unreasonable misreading, so I expect some who are aware of this suppose the at least triply incorrect expansion Ki10 Error-free Reciprocal Microprocessor Interchange over TTY lines explains KERMIT. In 1975 I started to run FORTRAN programs on a PDP-10, writing them with the feature-rich what-you-see-is-all-you-get text editor TECO. on teletypes (TTY s, mentioned above) with a roll of paper and round keys including one labeled HERE IS (ESC ) and often even on one of those newfangled Textronix terminals that had -- gasp -- a screen monitor Oh yeah. That year the KL10 was introduced (ECL - based). It hardly needs to be said that including KL10 or even K-series in an expansion of KERMIT was implausible. But the other efforts must have been even more desperate. In my own efforts to discover any other expansions that have been used, I have learned that a video was released in 2008 of LCD Soundsystems song New York, I Love You, But Youre Bringing Me Down (from the 2007 album Sound of Silver ). The song is lip-synched by Kermit the Frog the video release was reportedly an unofficial one by friends of the band. Kerrymeandering Extemporizing on the stump by 2004 Democratic presidential candidate John Kerry. The usual practice of US political candidates is to repeat pretty much the same stump speech from pretty much every stump they stand to speak on. This practice has obvious advantages (no gaffes) and disadvantages (no interest), but the former are apparently widely supposed to outweigh the latter. The term was reportedly coined by Slates chief political commentator Will Saletan. kerygmatic Pertaining to preaching. Popular term in historical Jesus speculations (studies). One of the binary distinctions among gospel material is between kerygmatic and non-kerygmatic. The passion narrative (PN ) is considered an example of kerygmatic material. Kerrymeandering. kerygmatic. Kerrymeandering. kerygmatic. I have this vague idea that Id like to coin a new word, but I cant think what it might be. kettlebell A piece of exercise equipment in the form of a round or rounded weight attached to a jughandle large enough to put a hand through. Kettlebells are traditional in Russia. In Russian, a kettlebell is called a girya (nom. plural girye ). (A dumbbell is a gantel .) Traditionally, Russian kettlebells look like cannonballs with handles. They look pretty stupid, but all the same you dont want to say that to anybody who looks like he uses them (specifically a girevik . generally a muzhik ). Incidentally: Lil Abner was not a son of Ma and Pa Kettle he was the child of Mammy and Pappy Yokum (and a proud son of Dogpatch). Al Capps comic strip of that name first appeared in 1934 and received its first movie treatment in 1940. Ma and Pa Kettle first appeared as supporting characters in the 1947 movie The Egg and I. The basic KB weights are one or two pood. A pood was 40 old Russian pounds, or about 36.11 righteous American pounds. After the Revolution, Russia adopted various supposedly scientific French things, among them mass executions and metric mass units. Since a pood was about 16.38 kg, the pood was redefined to be exactly 16 kilos, and since then the standard KBs have weighed only 35.27 lb. (Just as with the 30-cm English metric foot, the conversion meant a decrease in the unit size.) The common weights sold are multiples of 4 kilos up to 32 (nominally 9, 18, 26, 35, 44, 53, 62, and 70 lbs.), and 40 and 48 kilos (nominally 88 and 106 lbs. or 2.5 and 3 almost-poods). The maximum weight of 106 lbs. is substantially less than the typical maximum weights of dumbbells, presumably because KBs are awkward to lift. Dumbbells on the rack at a gym typically run up to 150 lbs. or so. Of course, its hard to make a direct comparison in availability because one doesnt normally buy the heavier dumbbells but instead constructs them by loading free weights onto dumbbell handles. Prefab dumbbells are available at least to 120 lbs. but the popular weights of prefab dumbbells are generally kinda wimpy, though they have their uses. Still, theres no way to make bigger KBs from tools and parts, unless one of the tools is a blowtorch. The word kettlebell, like barbell and clubbell. was constructed on the model of dumbbell. q. v. keV Kilo-Electron-Volts. A kiloelectron-volt is a convenient energy unit for X-ray s. Kevlar A Dutch rock group. (And roll too.) An American rap group. Stronger, mainly. The stuff is used to stop bullets, and hence is also called ballistic nylon. (We have at least one other explicitly ballistic entry see this entry too .) An important difference between an ordinary llama and a trained pack llama is that a trained pack llama knows that it is wider with a pack on, and therefore does not try to pass between two closely-spaced trees. The sides and bottom of a llamas training pack are made of kevlar. (More information at this improved site .) It is claimed that llamas are smarter than dogs. Kevlar is called an aramide, so I suppose its got some aryl (benzene-ring) groups. Nomex is another brand of aramide. KEW Kinetic-Energy Weapons. I suppose bullets would count, but the term was used in the SDI program. The two main classes of space-based weapon systems contemplated and under development were KEW and DEW (directed-energy weapon) systems. KEW weapons were based on the idea throwing stuff at targets, and DEW were based on beaming stuff at targets. KF Potassium Fluoride. KFC New (as of the early 90s or so) name for the fast-food chain that used to be called Kentucky Fried Chicken . The name is presumed to have been changed to improve the health of the bottom line the word fry has come to mean something like clog thy arteries and fry in hell (or in oil . which is presumed to be equivalent). KFC was acquired by Pepsico in 1986, but as of early 1997 Pepsico was spinning off its fast-food subsidiaries Pizza Hut (acq. 1977), Taco Bell (acq. 1978), and KFC, the smallest, each in the 1-3 billion annual sales range cf. 16, 7, and 4 billion for McDonalds, Burger King and Wendys, respectively (1995 US sales only). FWIW. in 1996 or so, McDonalds did as much business outside the US as within. This continued to be the case in 1998, despite the Asian recession. The CIPW has interesting news about Pizza Hut architecture. Itll be a while before I have a chance to update this entry, but for now let me mention that in June 2009, NPR broadcast a story on Pizza Hut messing with its brand. Theyre running a campaign which uses the Hut and emphasizes some of their non-pizza food item s. Many industry analysts are confused as to what exactly theyre trying to do with the brand. I remember there was an uproar many years ago, probably when Pepsico acquired Pizza Hut or Taco Bell. Other national fast-food chains (restaurant chains, theyre called they serve food items ) that had been selling Pepsi soda products felt that they found themselves indirectly supporting their competition, and switched to Coca-Cola products. As it happens, early June 1997, Coke admits that its trying to get McDonalds to stop selling Dr. Pepper and 7Up (both distributed by the distant-third soft-drink company). Considering their record the past year or two, McDonalds will probably do whatever is most stupid. Back to our story. In those days, Pepsico was challenging Coca-Cola aggressively, and for many years appeared to be winning the war in which it had been coming in second for a century. We proudly serve a cola war anthem from the 50s . The 1984 New-Coke debacle, in fact, resulted in part from Coca-Colas attempt to move the taste of their flagship product closer to Pepsis. Coca-Cola management had made a fundamental blunder, which was to imagine that consumer preferences were determined by flavor, when any fool could have told them that they are determined by image. I stopped paying attention for a while, and then suddenly in 1996 there were cover stories on various national magazine s about how Coca-Cola had eaten Pepsis lunch. (The October 28, 1996 Fortune magazine had a clever graphic illustrating the metaphor caption Pepsis Enrico: Bottled Up By Coke.) More recently, Coke has been gearing up to challenge the Dew market sector (Pepsis market leader Mountain Dew). Fresca was an earlier, essentially unsuccessful attempt to challenge. Much of the reported Coke victory in the soda wars had to do with international operations. Retrenching foreign operations and divesting its restaurants are part of Pepsicos response to Cokes strength: concentrating on its core businesses (soda and snacks ). Fresca has very variable regional market penetration. In Denver its popular in South Bend the biggest stores dont even carry it in cans. It is worth noting (and if it isnt thats really your problem) that Coke also tried diversifying a bunch of years ago, but recognized this as a mistake earlier. Its also noteworthy that Coca-Cola generally does not own its own bottling plants, so its need for capital is perhaps intrinsically less. Nevertheless, as of the year 2000, Coke was aggressively decentralizing, and had reduced headquarters staff (in Atlanta). In Buffalo, Pepsi continues to be the prohibitive favorite. Its prima facie slightly surprising, because as one travels northward in the country, the preference for sour increases and that for sweet decreases, and Pepsi is sweeter than Coke. However, New York State, with unusually high soft-drink penetration, is somewhat of an exception to the national trends. In any case, sodas are actually quite sour (phosphoric acid) the sweetness masks that partly, but its more complicated than I know. And of course, none of this has anything to do with sales, which are determined completely by image for any drink other than hemlock (few repeat customers). Incidentally, when Coca-Cola brought back the old Coke formula as Coke Classic, it wasnt the classic Coke. Coke was always sweetened with sugar. but around the time that they introduced New Coke (maybe we should call that Coke New) they switched from sugar to high-fructose corn syrup. (The price of sugar in the US is maintained much higher than the international price by severe import restrictions thats why so many US products are sweetened with corn.) The precise mix of sweeteners apparently varies by country. If you want to taste the real real thing in the US, you can get it around Lent. Specifically, in the run-up to the Jewish holiday Passover, stores will have sections of special holiday foods. The special laws of kashrut for Passover, as observed by Ashkenazi (roughly: northern and eastern European, and most N. American) Jews, forbid the consumption of corn during Passover. Coca-Cola sells a special production run of sugar-sweetened ( i. e. . kosher lPesach) Coke. Dont worry, its safe for goyim too. Tell you the truth, I cant taste the difference, but then my taste buds may be destroyed from years of aspartame (Nutrasweet) poisoning. Oh yeah, this is a KFC entry Colonel Sanders is dead. He was a real Colonel, at least in the sense of being a member of a group called the Kentucky Colonels . Actually, the term colonel is a traditional term of respect throughout the US South. So Ive heard. Elvis Presley s manager, Colonel Tom Parker (who died in early 1997) was called a colonel in the same way (the name was bestowed by the governor of Louisiana). However, one of Parkers greatest strokes was to advise Elvis to do more-or-less ordinary service as a private in Germany (EP was drafted for NATO duty). When he returned after doing his humble service, he was immunized against any accusations of cultural subversion, despite the hip movements that had scandalized the mainstream earlier. When he appeared on the Ed Sullivan show, they televised him only from the waist up. Also while in Germany, he dated a teenager named Priscilla, whom he later married and divorced in the US. Another major musical performer who had a German girlfriend while on NATO duty was the late Johnny Cash. She playfully stuck a pencil in his ear and perforated his eardrum. The facial scar also comes from Germany, but was inflicted by a drunk surgeon or dentist. Many decades ago, a facial scar was a mark of pride and distinction in Germany, earned while fencing in a Prussian academy. I doubt that that would have been a significant consolation to Johnny. My grandfather, the one who was a lawyer in (then) Breslau. joined a medical club in part because it wasnt a fencing club. He had the absence of scars to prove it. Oh yeah. another guy with a service-related eardrum perforation was Frank Sinatra. This is according to FBI files released on Dec. 8, 1998, seven months after his death and fifty-six years to the day after the declaration of the war in which he did not see service. Walter Winchell passed along a rumor that Ol Blue Eyes had gotten out of military service in WWII by paying a 40,000 bribe. A four-year investigation by the FBI concluded that the rumor was false. According to its records, he was 4-F on account of a perforated eardrum, being (surprisingly only) four pounds underweight. and having emotional problems. The emotional problems were a euphemism for severe phobia of crowds and paranoid tendencies, it being felt that there was no purpose served in stating the full severity of his mental problems, since he was already 4-F on account of his physical condition. As essentially everyone but the FBI realizes, fear of crowds and hearing deficiency as reasons for his not being drafted are so odd they raise suspicion as much as they allay it. More on the FBI witless antics at this V. I.P. entry. (Sinatras dossier is mentioned at the end.) Theres also a Texas Navy. with rather more admirals than sailors, let alone ships. This is not surprising. See this page also. where it is speculated that there are more Texas Navy admirals than Kentucky colonels. You might wonder why theres this much information on soda and fast food in a microelectronics glossary. The reason is that burgers and greasy fries are the preferred life-support regime of all computer professionals. We also drink CokePepsi like all the other sheep. but Jolt is our sentimental favorite. Isnt there a Food Channel They could have Kung Pow Chi-- I mean, Cinema . KFCITU (South) Korean Federation of Construction Industry Trade Unions. Formed in merger of and KFCTU. KFCTU (South) Korean Federation of Construction Trade Unions. Originally a union of white-collar workers in construction, formed when a loosening of government policy allowed enterprise unions to combine into trade unions. See KFCITU. K-Fed Kevin FEDerline. First long-term husband of Britney Spears. In the early part of 2007, after they were divorced, his appearance money (the money he was paid for making a celebrity appearance at a private event) was officially table scraps. ( I. e., 10K, or whatever the event promoter had to spare.) Cf. IFED. KFLC Okay, now work with me on this one. Ill give you a couple of hints: K stands for Kentucky . FL does not stand for Finger-Lickin . Give up Its the Kentucky Foreign Language Conference. The 53rd is in 2000.Funny thing happened tonight at the Hollywood Diner on US 33 (here in the unincorporated wilds north of South Bend, Indiana ). A couple of women came in a bit giddy one was evidently trying to be a dumb blonde joke, though the dye job was a bit streaky. The Hollywood Diner is your basic ethnic chicken restaurant, Greek nuance. That is, it says ltEthnicgt-American somethingerother on a sign outside, and inside you can have ltEthnicgt-style chicken, and potatoes are available fried, American, mashed, ltEthnicgt-style, and baked after 4pm, where ltEthnicgt Greek . You can also have Veal Parmagiana or Belgium waffles (we use the attributive noun form in our Greek-American restaurants here) or deluxe burger and fries. Okay, okay, you can have a gyros omelet too. Im a regular I have the menu and waitresses memorized. There are other entrees. This ethnic chicken restaurant is very slightly unusual in that it doesnt actually say ltEthnicgt-American anywhere. It doesnt have to because thats the local default. You dont have to define defaults explicitly. Indeed, you dont even have to say explicitly that you dont have to define defaults explicitly. I think Ill leave it at that. The blonde was asking each employee if he or she was Greek. In the cases where she was asking an employee if she was Greek, she was asking about the employees . rather than her own, Greekness. I suppose this would have been clearer had I used a direct quote rather than a paraphrase. She could have gotten a reply from the busboy if shed asked in Spanish. Coming from a gringa, the question is etymologically ironic. The seater asked her whether she thought he was Greek. She said I dont know, Im not from around here. I had to think that over. She was visiting from Kentucky. (Thats the connection, BTW.) Hes Irish. Coulda fooled me. Maybe that means hes a Notre Dame fan or that he drinks green beer on St. Patricks Day. Kiss me, Im in Saint Joseph County. He owns some property in Kentucky. he says. Blondes friend says shes from South Bend. So the seater asks, just passing through No, I live here. Makes sense to me. He wants to know what street he owns a taxi company here in town, too. Im a regular, how come I never hear about this He says thats a big street . I get up to leave. Actually, she was born in Canada. but she grew up in New York. Shrewd guess: upstate New York, I bet. No: South Carolina . There comes a time at night when most of us sound less alert awake than asleep. That time has arrived for me as well. Oh, the 53rd KFLC is past. Its an annual thing: The following one (also past) was the 54th. Hey cool, I was just browsing The German Quarterly for 1951 (published by the AATG ). The News and Notes section on page 125 is a statistical report of the third KFLC, held May 11-13, 1950. Attendance was approximately 400, from DC and 27 states, and from two other countries (Canada and the UK ), unless someone got his UK s confused. Dont expect to see this information in Harpers Index anytime soon. The largest contingent was from Kentucky -- whaddaya know. Among attendees, 42 did not list themselves as representing any language. On the other hand, some people listed more than one language. Here are the 16 languages listed as being represented, and the numbers of attendees listing them: (The sum is 783. Hmm, that doesnt look right. Lets say 378. Also, the calculator thinks its 454. I suppose everyone has a right to an opinion. My opinion is that Egyptian isnt a language anyone knows well enough to be qualified to teach, and that it was just a Copt in attendance who also taught Arabic. I once asked the only Copt I know if he knows Coptic, and he said of course not He speaks Arabic. Once when I told him that someone else wondered how I could tell that he that other person was Egyptian, he said I should have told him from the smell.) Out of the 153 institutions represented, 100 were colleges and universities, 31 were high schools, 12 churches, 6 theological seminaries, and 2 publishing houses. Yes, Mr. Arithmetic, there were two others. There were 107 lectures and papers, and they treated of 13 languages. One of the languages was Ukrainian. This reminds me of a favorite saying of my late college roommate Warren. He used to say, Al, why are you telling me this Warren, wherever you are, if you have Internet access: I was telling you because its interesting. No, not to everyone equally. A week or so after the incident at the Hollywood Diner, I noticed Irish seater guy having dinner with a couple of taxi drivers. KFM Kelvin Force Microscop . The German verb kaufen (to buy) doesnt look at all familiar to an English-speaker, as Mutter (mother) or Wasser (water) do, but its just as close a cognate. German kauf corresponds to English cheap. Originally, the associated verbs meant the same thing in Anglo-Saxon and Old High German: to bargain or trade. In a primitive economy, trading was largely on a barter basis, and the distinction between buying and selling was a soft one, since both participants in a transaction bought, and both sold. The sense evolution of the German verb was toward the sense of buy. This is perhaps natural, since after any transaction, the thing one has left to talk about is what one has bought, and not what one has sold. The more general sense is preserved in the German verb verkaufen, to sell. This is often puzzling to foreign students of German, since one expects the ver - prefix to mean something like repeatedly when attached to this verb. It is less puzzling to Germans perhaps primarily because, like the native speakers of all languages, they were briefly puzzled when young and quickly moved on. (But I still remember as a kid, imagining Columbus discovering or descubriendo America by removing the cover.) Anyway, the prefix ver - does have the sense of repeatedly here, but what a Verkaufer (seller) does repeatedly is trade or bargain. (He also buys, but probably in bulk, so this activity is less salient.) So far as the unprefixed verb kaufen itself is concerned, the root sense (trade) is now obsolete and kaufen always means to buy (except in some idioms whose relation to trade is a bit obscure). However, the root sense is preserved in words like Kaufmann (merchant, trader) and the expansion of the head term above: kaufmaumlnnisch (mercantile, commercial). In English the initial sense evolution was similar, and the noun cheap came to mean purchase. The phrase good cheap meant a good bargain. In attributive and predicate use it functioned as an adjective, and in the sixteenth century this adjective was shortened to plain cheap. The noun and verb uses (okay, okay, the nominal and verbal uses) of cheap petered out in the seventeenth century. So much for the sense evolution. The sound evolution is straightforward. A bit more so in English than German, in this case. The Old English verb was ceacuteapian, and as often happens the high vowel following the k sound became a palatalization, and that ky sound evolved into the initial ch sound we have today. That, apart from a bit of Sturm und Drang with the vowels, and the loss of - an as part of the general collapse of conjugation in Middle English, is all she wrote. Hence, cheap. In Dutch, Low German, and High German, regardless of the vowel following, the palatalization evident in English, Frisian, and Old Saxon (Ingvaeonic languages) did not occur. Hence, the initial stop remained hard (written k in German). The OED2 lists etymologies (including that for kaufen ) in which Old High German had an initial ch that became initial k in Middle High German. The modern German etymologies do not agree. I think this is just century-old etymology in the OED that hasnt been updated. The textual evidence for Old High German is much more limited than that for English, and it comes, or used to come, primarily from scattered (in time and geography) western German monasteries where various inconsistent spelling schemes were used. Of course, possibly Im misunderstanding what the OED editors meant by initial ch in Old High German. Maybe they mean some hard ch as in Chemie . On the other hand, High German underwent the Second Germanic Sound Shift. One of the first things the shift did was turn final unvoiced stops (p, t, k), if they immediately followed a vowel, into unvoiced fricatives (approximately f, s, x respectively) at about the same point of articulation. In order, these points of articulation are in the ranges of labial to labio-dental, dental to alveolar, and palatal to velar. In the latter two cases, the precise fricative is in question, so the s and x are approximate. Fortunately, the proto-Germanic root of kaufen ended in p, so we neednt worry about this. Okay, I neednt worry about this. The final p, a post-vocalic final unvoiced labial stop, became an f: a (post-vocalic final -- it didnt move, after all) unvoiced labiodental stop. Oh, alright, maybe it stayed bilabial for a while its labiodental now. This shift was largely complete by the time of the earliest records of Old High German. And since all this stuff happened pre-historically, the Old High German form we have is koufen. There you are. Open up the vowel and presto -- Modern German kaufen . The same - Vp --gt - Vf thing happened systematically with other words. Thats why its called a shift. Thus English ship corresponds to German Schiff . deep to tief . cup to Kopf (semantic, um, shift aside), etc. You know, all I wanted to do was come into this file, add a short new Kindaichi entry, and quit. But no, I got sidetracked on a little ol kfm entry. I need more discipline. All I seem to have now is bondage. KFR Kim Family Regime. Nickname, used in the US military, for North Korea. The country was founded by Kim Il Song, and continued by his son Kim Jong Il. Dad was the Great Leader, his eldest son is Dear Leader. Actually, the father, born Kim Sun Chu, had a great many epithets they included, in translation, great sun and great man, great leader, great father, sun of the nation, the clairvoyant, the supreme brain of the nation, matchless patriot, national hero, and iron-willed, ever-victorious commander, and one of the genius leaders of the international communist movement and workers movement. One hesitates to call these official epithets, because in an extreme totalitarian dictatorship, there is little space for the unofficial. That is, any deviation from official government orthodoxy is suspect and therefore dangerous, so self-preservation demands rigid adherence to safe formulas. It matters little whether the formula is officially official or merely notably repeated. Heres a sort of parallel from the opposite end of the political spectrum, recalled in Ernst Pawel s Life in Dark Ages, p. 45. On October 9, 1934, King Alexander I of Yugoslavia had been assassinated in Marseille by a Croatian terrorist. The next morning, the entire student body of Pawels school in Belgrade (he was 14) was assembled for a memorial meeting. The king was to be eulogized by the principal, several teachers, and a Greek Orthodox priest. Pawels comrades told him that custom called for everyone to utter a reverent Glory be unto him Slava mu every time the martyred Alexanders name was mentioned. The leading Marxist among his classmates warned: And make damn sure you say it. The rat finks are out full force watching lips. If they catch you not flashing your teeth, youll be in big, big trouble. North Koreas leader cult is so extensive that amazement competes with boredom. Just to get an idea, visit this page of information related to the Mansudae Creative Company, which mass-produces portraits of the KFR leaders. Kfz German, Kraft f ahr z eug . Motor Vehicle. kg Kilo Gram. One thousand grams. Originally proposed by the French standardization committee as the mass of a cubic decimeter of water. Of course, this definition is precise only if pressure and temperature are specified. For that matter, theres a percentage point of difference if you use isotopically pure light water ( i. e. . water made from 16 O and especially 1 H) rather than the naturally occurring isotope mix. The unit was proposed in 1792, so the fact that the proposed name of the unit was grave was not yet so ironic, in English. (The reign of terror did not begin until 1793.) The current name was proposed in 1797. I think Talleyrand had a hand in it. kg (Domain code for) K yr g yzstan. You probably havent been there either. KG German, K ommandit g esellschaft . Limited partnership. KGB Kabeer Gbaja-Biamila. A defensive end with the GB Packers since he was drafted in 2000. KGB K omitet G osudarstvennoi B ezopaznosti . (Russian Committee of State Security.) The name, for most of its history, of the Soviet Secret Police. Started by Lenin as Cheka. This is distinct from military intelligence (GRU ). The KGB collaborated in the attempted coup in August 1991 against Soviet president Mikhail Gorbachev, and in November it was officially dissolved. Its responsibilities were taken over by the newly-created FSK. however, and the dissolution amounted to a name change and some housecleaning (the penultimate KGB chief, Colonel-General Vladimir Kryuchkov, had participated in the coup and was arrested when it failed, so theres one). The next month, the USSR itself was dissolved, and the FSK MIRVed into half a dozen daughters. Since 1995, the Russian organization has been the FSB the successor organization in Belarus is still the KGB. kg cal. Kilo Gram CALorie. The same as a kilocalorie (kcal ). Usage stems from the fact that the calorie was originally defined as the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of a gram of water by one degree Celsius. (Which degree -- i. e. . starting from what temperature -- led to some ambiguity.) In other words, this was the gram calorie. The kilogram calorie was the heat needed for a kilogram of water. KGD Known Good Die. A die tested and ready for packaging. The usual context is in MCMs. Modules with single chips can be tested after packaging, since the yield of packages is the yield of chips (minus the losses from poor or destructive bonding). In MCMs with n identical chips, a chip yield of 1160-160 p produces a package yield of (1- p ) n. so there is an economic advantage to pretesting. Kgl. German Koumlni gl ich . Royal. K-gun A three-receiver offense used by the Buffalo Bills during the Jim Kelly era. K. g. V. German k leinstes g emeinsammes V ielfaches . Least common multiple. kh (Domain code for) Cambodia ( K ampuc h ea). Khalatnikovs book on Landau The title in English is Landau: The Physicist and the Man, with a further subtitle Recollections of L. D. Landau. It was edited by Isaak Markovich Khalatnikov, who also contributed three essays. Following his introduction there are three dozen recollections contributed by almost as many authors, mostly physicists. (First one by Evgenii M. Lifshitz, then the rest in alphabetical order by author.) The book was first published as Vospominaniia o L. D. Landau (Recollections of L. D. Landau) in 1988. The translation, done by J. B. Sykes (who Englished the famous Landau and Lifshitz series), was published in 1989 by Pergamon Press. kHz Kilo HertZ. (According to SI rules, this is spelled out as kilohertz.) One thousand Hz (cycles per second), an inverse millisecond. KH4K Kerry Haters For Kerry. A movement, or at least a website and a bloggers handle. Heres the blog entry for November 5, 2004. Despite a massive outpouring of support from those who loathe him, John Kerry has lost. The entire KH4K community is filled with a combination of dread and relief -- in other words, roughly what we would have felt if hed won. But maybe in different proportions. To all who visited and participated, we say: The KH4K cause does not end today. It ended Tuesday Our fight has not just begun. Its over Where do we go from here Somewhere else But please buy a T-shirt -- theyre collectibles now Thanks. KH4K was anxious not to be confused with ltjohnkerryisadouchebagbutimvotingforhimanyway gt. Both websites are still in existence more than two years after the 2004 election. ki (Domain code for) Ki ribati. KI Kiwanis International. An organization devoted to the principle of service, to the advancement of individual, community, and national welfare and to the strengthening of international goodwill. The gentilicial noun is Kiwanians . The name Kiwanis was adapted from the expression Nunc Kee-wanis in the Otchipew (Native American) language, meaning we have a good time, we make a noise, or, under another construction, we trade or advertise. Some persons prefer to pronounce the word ki others, kee. KI k uumlnstliche Intelligenz . German translation of and standard acronym for AI (Artificial Intelligence). KIA Killed In Action. KIA, Kia The car logo uses a stylized letter A that is indistinguishable from a capital lambda. I always see KIL. Although the company is based in South Korea, the letter K in the name does not stand for Korea . According to this FAQ. The word Kia has origins in the Chinese language with the first syllable, ki . meaning to quotarise or come up out of. quot The second part of the word, a . refers to Asia. So when you put it all together, Kia means to quotarise or come up out of Asia. quot kiatsu If this glossary were a switch statement, what I would ask you to do is simply fall through to the next case. kiatsukei Barometer in Japanese. Kiatsu is atmospheric pressure. Japanese has also borrowed the English word barometer, which is rendered baromecirctacirc . The loanword is used primarily in the metaphorical sense of an instrument or device, loosely speaking, which measures any loosely atmospheric property, as in the English barometer of public opinion. The native construct is just used for the nonmetaphorical manometric instrument. KIBO Knowledge In, B. S. Out. Formed on the pattern of GIGO. Kids these days No kidding From Sir Thomas Browne. Pseudodoxia Epidemica (1646), Book I, Chapter IV, Of another more immediate Cause of Error viz. obstinate Adherence unto Antiquity Secondly, Men that adore times past consider not that those times were once present, that is, as our own are at this instant and we ourselves unto those to come, as they unto us at present as we rely on them, even so will those on us, and magnify us hereafter, who at present condemn ourselves. Which very absurdity is daily committed amongst us, even in the esteem and censure of our own times. And, to speak impartially, old men, from whom we should expect the greatest example of wisdom, do most exceed in this point of folly commending the days of their youth, which they scarce remember, at least well understood not, extolling those times their younger years have heard their fathers condemn, and condemning those times the grey heads of their posterity shall commend. And thus is it the humour of many heads to extol the days of their forefathers, and declaim against the wickedness of times present. A contribution to CLASSICS-L from Timothy Larkin. KIE To Kanadikoacute Institouacuteto stecircn Ellaacuteda . Aka the Canadian Institute in Greece (CIG ) and also l I nstitut c anadien en G regravece (ICG ). CIG is the former CAIA. which changed its name in 2005 or 2006. KIER Kentucky Institute for Education Research. Killer Bs Late eighties nickname for social critics William Bennett and Allan Bloom (d. 1995 ). Blooms surprise best-seller Closing of the American Mind came out in 1987, and Bill Bennett, then Secretary of Education, gave a speech in 83pring 1988 condemning trends in education (I guess in particular the curriculum changes being considered there, in support of which Jesse Jackson led a march on the same campus). Synecdoche for conservatives in the canon wars. William Bennett keeps cranking out those goody two-shoes virtue books. The real killer is that his brother Robert worked as counsel to President William Jefferson Clinton (during the first term, when the legal problems were about money). Alan Keyes was a disciple of Allan Bloom when he attended Cornell. After speaking out against a campus protest by a black student group, he began receiving threats and transferred to Harvard. where he did a Ph. D. in government policy. Not known as killer Bs are Bowen and Bok, coauthors of a late 90s book described at the 4 ps entry. Killer White Teeth A sponsored link, but not for sharks teeth. (Emily, an ordinary mom from your server location here discovered a clever trick buy two products to get a celebrity smile for less than 5.) kill the frog At a couple of places in the glossary, I make a remark about ranacide that may not be entirely clear to all readers. Its a reference to a warning that E. B. White included in his introduction to the 1941 Subtreasury of American Humor . humor can be dissected, as a frog can, but the thing dies in the process and the innards are discouraging to any but the pure scientific mind. A. E. Housman wrote this related thought: Even when poetry has a meaning, as it usually has, it may be inadvisable to draw it out. Perfect understanding will sometimes almost extinguish pleasure. kill -9 Terminate with extreme prejudice. The expression terminate with extreme prejudice is common in fiction, but understandably rare in the public discourse of government officials and the sane among politicians. One of the best-known instances of the phrase occurs in Francis Ford Coppolas Apocalypse Now (1979). Early in the movie, Capt. Benjamin L. Willard (Martin Sheen) has his mission explained to him. Col. Walter E. Kurtz (Marlon Brando) has reportedly gone insane and set himself up as a god in Cambodia. (Who does he think he is, Pol Pot) Willard isnt sure he quite understands his orders. He repeats the ambiguous word: (Corman is Lt. Gen. R. Corman. The civilian, identified in the movie only as Jerry, is understood to be a spook.) The earliest use of this phrase in fiction cited by the OED is in Dont Embarrass the Bureau . by Bernard F. Conners (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1972), and I havent run across anything earlier. (This is a secret code phrase -- jargon, really -- meaning that an earlier instance hasnt been handed to me on a silver platter, and Im too lazy to look myself.) The only instance of the phrase that I have found in poetry (I was sure you would want this bit of intelligence) is in Peter Meinkes Night Watch on the Chesapeake (1987). This is either a poem or a collection of poems. It was either collected or re-collected for Liquid Paper: New amp Selected Poems (1991). Look, you were the one that was so interested in this -- you figure it out The poem, or one of the poems, has this: and the Susquehannocks and all their kin were terminated with extreme prejudice, as we have learned to say. Today, Et cetera, as we have learned to say. This Peter Meinke is actually well known, as poets go, even celebrated. Its easy to confuse him with Peter Meineck (note the very different spelling), Producing Artistic Director for The Aquila Theatre Company on West Tenth Street in New York City. (The muffler-shop franchise uses another spelling: Meineke .) Some people think that because theyve only encountered this phrase (terminate with extreme prejudice, remember) in fiction, therefore it is just a fictitious phrase -- a fiction phrase, one not used by nonfiction spooks. This claim is pure fiction. An old military communications guy I trust reports that he heard it used by spooks as well as by a Vietnam-era sniper in an unconventional warfare unit. (Heres an example of the fiction claim. H. S.A. Beckets Dictionary of Espionage defines terminate with extreme prejudice as murdering an agent who has outlived his usefulness, per spy novelists and movie writers. The term has never been used by any intelligence professional, espionage mythologists notwithstanding. Other problems with this definition, besides the confident assertion of an unprovable negative: (1) wrong verb aspect, (2) too-narrow definition.) Lets take a brief moment here and discuss the head term of this entry, shall we Like Jerrys instruction to Captain Willard, kill -9 is a command. But after all -- what is a command, really It is nothing but a message. Sometimes it is a very forceful message, sometimes apparently just a suggestion ending in the words or else. But basically its just one among many possible messages. The Unix utility kill is like that. It sends a message to a process (or a process group). Despite the terrifying name, the message (signal) may be quite bland, like WINCH or POLL or CONT or PROF or WAITING or THAW or RTMIN3. Type kill - l at the shell prompt for a complete list of signals. (The answer to your question is ell, for list, get it) You will observe that KILL or SIGKILL is always the ninth signal in the list. All the common shells have a built-in version of the kill utility, because programming is a bloody business. Eventually, you can find yourself offing a process that has -- how to put it -- outlived its usefulness. Thats why a lot of the signals that you send with kill are ultimately fatal to the process that receives them. The morbid charm of an expression like terminate with extreme prejudice is that a command that ought to be clear is clarified with an expression that is pretty ambiguous on its face. Ditto kill -9 . kilo - An arbitrary (in the OED s word) derivative of the Greek chiacutelioi . a thousand, introduced into French as part of the metric system in 1795. It is highly irregular in English for the Greek letter chi to be represented by anything other than the letter sequence ch. Most of the exceptions stem from this French monstrosity. It is only a complaisant acceptance of French spelling that has brought this Trojan khorse into our midst. (Beware gifts bearing Greek.) The Italians follow their own orthographic counsel, and write chilo - . which sounds like keel-o. Hence, French kilomegravetre (and British kilometre . American kilometer . etc.) is Italian chilometro . Of course, there is a little problem with abbreviations. To wit: cm is already spoken for (centimetro), so how to abbreviate chilometro . To get around this unforeseen problem, the Italians came up with an inspired solution: they use the letter k Very conveniently, this letter has the same sound in Italian as quotchquot, and it tends to be used for words borrowed from foreign languages. (It wasnt carrying its share of the language anyway -- sort of getting a free ride on the alphabet train ever since the Romans devoiced gamma.) Hence, chilometro is abbreviated km . cleverly avoiding confusion. The Italians, they ave all-aways-a been-a known fora di elegante soluzioni. Similarly, chilocaloria is abbreviated as kcal . chilohertz as kHz . chilojoule as kJ . chilogrammo come kg . e chilowatt come kW . ecc. ecc. Further, for reasons that probably require further externally funded research, chilowattora is abbreviated kWh . Indeed, as a non-native reader of Italian, I must protest that some of these irregular abbreviations can become confusing, particularly when they are spelled out, as the following bewildering list illustrates: megawatt-hour Nah, couldnt be -- too obvious. Of course, every language has its careless writers, so kilometro is also encountered in Italian usage, just as kiloacutemetro (correct in Spanish ) is encountered in Portuguese (where the correct form is the identically pronounced quiloacutemetro ). The German version ( Kilometer ) is what you might call overdetermined: on the one hand, when German borrows a word from French, it tends to preserve the original spelling (to the extent that inflection allows). On the other hand, when a new word is created in German, the kay sound is written in the usual German way, with a k. (Note that a few centuries ago, neither English nor German had settled on a predominant letter for this sound. For example, English often used - ick for the ending now written - ic, and German had cees in many words where kays (and some zees) now appear. kilo Short for KILOgram. Occasionally reported as an abbreviation of other kilo - prefixed units, particularly kilometers. Dont you believe it The appropriate abbreviation of kilometer is click (here ). kilobuck The OED describes this as jocular usage, quoting the New York Times Magazine of April 22, 1951: Kilo buck. is a scientists idea of a short way to say a thousand dollars. In answer to the OED: it is not usually jocular, just informal. Its too common to be witty. In answer to the NYT: it is any persons idea of a short way to say a thousand dollars who can count syllables. In any case, it is simply a regular alternative, unremarkable to anyone who deals in metric units all the time. The earliest mention of megabuck that the OED is a ble to locate is from 1946. The recorder of the usage claimed that it was a joking term among the scientists who coined it. Kim The majority of given names in English are identifiably male or female. A few are used by both genders (e. g. Dale), though such neuter names typically seem to trend female. (The firm exceptions are names like Sam that are short forms of distinct names like Samuel and Samantha.) Kim is one of those neuter names -- now mostly female, I think. I thought of adding this entry when I read a newsgroup posting by a newbie who signed in this style: Kim Johnson (Mr.) (The surname was not actually Johnson.) Kimba, the White Lion An anime series of the mid-sixties, created by Osamu Tezuka (its popularity increased over time, so people tend to remember it from the seventies). In Japanese, the lions name is Chimba . For more on Tezuka, see the Astro Boy entry. Kimba Wood was an Attorney General nominee of the Clinton administration who went down in flames at her Senate confirmation hearings amid revelations concerning her domestic help -- she didnt pay social security taxes on her income, perhaps because she knew the woman was an illegal alien. Theres a maximum number of hours per month that you can hire someone before you have to start paying the employer contribution to social security. A lot of people make sure they employ domestic help for less than however many hours is the maximum, just to avoid trouble. kimchi, kimchee Korean name of spicy pickled cabbage. Term now used widely in Japan ese, less in English. Kindaichi Surname of Haruhiko Kindaichi. (Im writing in English, so Im writing the last name last. I mean, thats why its called the last name, after all.) Kindaichi wrote a popular book about the Japanese language, published in 1957 and still remembered today. According to the English translation by Umeyo Hirano, published in 1978, the title of the original book was Nippongo (meaning Japanese language). This is accurate enough, but as the translator certainly knew but didnt bother to mention, it would have been about equally correct to say the original title was Nihongo. The actual title was written in kanji . which specify words precisely but may not completely specify the pronunciation. In this case, both the - pp - and - h - readings are correct. When Japanese fans cheer on their countrys athletes at an international event, they shout the - pp - form of their countrys name ( Nippon ), presumably because its hard to shout a loud aitch. On the other hand, I still remember (and occasionally use) the very first sentence of Japanese that I ever memorized. It was Watashi wa nihongo o dekimasen. (Polite way of saying I cant speak Japanese. I know it doesnt sound like a very promising start to an international phone call, but it worked for me. I can also do Je ne parle pas franccedilais. With a bit of elementary logic you could probably deduce that this means I can read French but I cant speak it. Unfortunately, I get back an awful lot of Je ne parle pas anglais. ) Anyway, I was just ignorantly parroting Japanese. The point here is that the decision to use the - h - form was that of my native-Japanese instructortrainer. Theres actually a great deal more to this ph thing than youd guess, and you can read about it in Nippongo. The short version is that there came a time, a few centuries ago, when the p sound came to be regarded (particularly by the Imperial court) as uncouth, and most p sounds in the language came to be pronounced as h (or b, at least in some cases). There are also other versions of the story in which the sound shift simply happened, as these things do. For whatever the reason, this is part of the reason that Japanese is a harder-than-average language to lip-read. In general, the front of the mouth doesnt move very much, and the syllables come fast. Kindergarten, All I Really Need to Know I Learned in Title of a 1988 book by Robert Fulghum, and premise thereof. This is a thought that some people find encouraging. I say: oh, yeah How about this necessary fact: When you come back to the parking lot and cant remember where you left your car, you dont look for it by walking along the middle of the driving lanes between the parked cars, because some panel truck will have parked next to your Honda CRX and youll never be able to see it from the back, so you wont find it and youll be stuck there forever and pretty soon youll starve to death Instead . you look down the middle of the paired lanes of parked cars, because the front bumpers are all pretty much lined up, so you can see most of the hoods, including that of your own car. You dont learn that until first grade at the earliest. More on early education at VTVM entry. King Phillip came over from German shore Mnemonic for remembering the hierarchy of biological categories: kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species. In the plant kingdom, phyla are called divisions. I suppose you could try to remember that King David came over from green shores. Another common version: King Philip Can Only Find his Green Slippers. In fact, this is a highly simplified discussion of categories at least twenty different levels have been used, and certainly as few as one or two: every species is binomial (genus, species), and a lot of fossils are considered too poorly characterized to break up into species, so the organism is categorized by genus only. Species may be broken up into subspecies, but at times the international taxonomical organizations have sanctioned the recognition of varieties, subvarieties. Theyre always changing something in an effort to promote stability. I dont understand either. Anyway, the most commonly used categories in zooumllogy are, in order: Superclass Class Subclass Superorder Order Suborder Infraorder (aint this a sin) Superfamily Family Subfamily Theres no objective way to define genera, let alone most of the other categories, and no end of argument about it. Generally, the more related species you have, the more categories you define. For organisms that reproduce asexually, its tricky to define species, and as a practical matter somewhat arbitrary. In practice, its done on the basis of morphology, and in the case of single-celled critters morphology means biochemistry. That brings us to. The biggest problems, oddly enough, have to do with the top level of the hierarchy. Biochemically, the prokaryotes are so varied that by comparison, plants and animals are virtually indistinguishable. One group of prokaryotes, the archaea that have been found in extreme conditions (you know, undersea volcanic vents and such), are close to eukaryotes. By any biochemical yardstick, if there are two or more kingdoms for archaea, plants, and the relatively closely related animals and fungi, then there ought to be at least a half-a-dozen kingdoms for bacteria. Thus, taxonomies have been suggested with as many as a dozen kingdoms. Another proposed solution, more or less acceptable to different warring schools of thought within taxonomy, is to have a single kingdom for bacteria, divided up into subkingdoms that are called domains. Ill get back to this entry if the smoke seems like clearing. Kings University of Kings College. I think that the way the words college and university are deployed is interesting. The first Kings College in the New World was founded in 1756 in New York City. chartered by King George II. After the Revolutionary War, that school was reorganized as Columbia College. George IIs son Fred never chartered anything he died young and had a town in New Jersey named after him (Princeton, the eventual location of the College of New Jersey. originally established in, like, Elizabeth and thereabouts). There was also a Queens College in New Jersey, chartered by King George III George IIs grandson in 1766 (on November 10), which was renamed Rutgers College in anticipation of (substantially unrealized) testamentary munificence from Mr. Rutgers. Oh, wait -- I must have heard wrong. Heres the official version, which is much more believable: In 1825, the name of the school was changed to Rutgers College in honor of Colonel Henry Rutgers, a veteran of the Revolution, as a mark of respect for his character and in gratitude for his numerous services to the institution. In 1789, Anglican loyalists founded a new Kings College in Windsor, Nova Scotia. It was the first university to be established in English Canada, and is the oldest English-speaking Commonwealth university outside the United Kingdom. It received its Royal Charter from King George III in 1802. Theres no explanation at the quoted page of the rationale for the university-ofcollege naming thing. It may have to do with the fact that a major fire closed Kings College in 1920. A major grant from the Carnegie Foundation enabled Kings to reopen, but in a subsidiary relation to Dalhousie University in Halifax. Note that when Kings was established, it was not yet the first or even the oldest university to be established in English Canada, because Canada was not the official name of any region. Two years later (1791), the province of Quebec was split into Upper and Lower Canada -- predominantly English and French, respectively. At the time, however, Kings was still not the oldest university in English Canada, because Nova Scotia was not part of the former Quebec but was instead all of the former Acadia. In 1841, they had one of those periodic little reorganizations and renegotiations that roil Canada and mystify Americans. (Remember Meach Lake. Of course not, silly question.) Upper and Lower Canada were united into (surprise) a single Province of Canada which still did not include Nova Scotia. Also in 1841, Queen Victoria awarded a royal charter to Queens College, which opened in Kingston in 1842. (Queens College, Kings town. what is this -- a chess game) If Queens attained universityity before 1867, then Queens must, for a time, have been the oldest university in English Canada. Finally, in 1867, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick were joined with the old Province of Canada (now divided into Ontario and Quebec) in a new Dominion of Canada. It was only from that time onward that Kings can claim to have been the oldest university in English Canada. The University of New Brunswick in Fredericton was founded earlier (in 1785, also by loyalists essentially metastasizing the Kings College of New York City), but as the Provincial Academy of Arts and Sciences. Hmmm. Sounds fishy to me. Universiteacute Laval traces its origins to the Seacuteminaire de Queacutebec, founded in 1663 Monseigneur Franccedilois de Laval, the first bishop of New France, with the authorization of the King of France, Louis XIV. Queen Victoria granted a royal charter to the old Seacuteminaire in 1852, creating the Universiteacute Laval. From 1941 to 1945, the College buildings became His Majestys Canadian Ship, HMCS Kings, where officers were trained for the Royal Canadian Navy. The academic life of the College carried on during those years elsewhere in Halifax, aided by Dalhousie University and the United Churchs Pine Hill Divinity Hall. And that after all the trouble Canada had to get permission to call its navy Royal. Kings hosted the annual ARPA meeting in 2000. kip KIlo - Pounds. In Anthony Hoadleys Essentials of Structural Design (1964), the unit is typically (I mean, where Ive noticed its use) abbreviated kips or just k, but thousands of pound feet is abbreviated kip ft. That makes sense: theres no ess in the plural of foot. The traditional system is nothing if not sensible. kipper A supporter of the UK Independence Party (UKIP). Evidently tailor-made for vocative use. (You kipper) A kipper is stereotypically an older, working-class-to-middle-class, Tory-leaning white male. That doesnt sound like a winning coalition to me either, but youve got to consider the competition. Especially after the success of the BREXIT referendum in 2016. Someone help me I cant think of a good pun about kippered herring KIPS Kilo Instructions Per Second. You dont ever want to have an occasion to use this unit. Prefer MIPS. See also kip. KIRKE Originally K atalog der I nternet - R essourcen fuumlr die K lassische Philologie aus E rlangen. German for Catalog of Internet Resources for Classical Philology from Erlangen. This is a bacronym. incidentally: Kirke is the German for (and closer to the Greek than) the English Circe. The catalog was created by Prof. Ulrich Schmitzer and has been online since 1995. From 1996 to April 2003, it was served by Universitaumlt Erlangen. When Prof. Schmitzer moved to Humboldt-Universitaumlt zu Berlin, the server changed and the title became K atalog der I nternet r essourcen fuumlr die K lassische Philolologie aus B e rlin. (KIRKE is not technically a sealed acronym because of the e in Berlin. KIS Knowbot Information Service. KIS, K. I.S. Potassium (K ) Indoxyl Sulphate. K. I.S. S. Keep It Simple Series (of books). KISS Keep It Simple Stupid. kitchen Remember, you cant spell kitchen without itch . You know, I find that somewhat irritating. Why not we forget it after all kitchen sink Not much to say, but an entry seemed ob ligatory. Vide KP. Faucet Outlet claims to be Americas favorite choice for home improvement products. kiwi, Kiwi Look Not in the sky Thumb tabs and search tool SBF Homepage Space above was intentionally left free of glossary definitions so that links to bottom of document can appear at the top of the screen display. Is a border fence between Mexico and the U. S. necessary The construction of a border fence between the U. S. and Mexico would not only be an ineffective tool for controlling immigration, it would be an utter waste of government resources. A fence is no deterrent for a family o r group determined to get into the United States. They can simply climb over it. If it were manned and monitored closely enough to be effective, it would cost a ridiculous amount of public tax money to employ the border guards required. This cost comes as an addition to the initial construction cost, which for a fence that extensive, would be a high amount as well. Posted by: MightyAmado43 changa78665 Omarm LaNegraSanta Barbara, California According to our research of California and other state lists there were 119 registered sex offenders living in Santa Barbara, California as of February 25, 2017 . The ratio of number of residents in Santa Barbara to the number of sex offenders is 753 to 1. The number of registered sex offenders compared to the number of residents in this city is near the state average. Median real estate property taxes paid for housing units with mortgages in 2015: 5,457 (0.6) Median real estate property taxes paid for housing units with no mortgage in 2015: 4,508 (0.5) Nearest city with pop. 200,000: Bakersfield, CA (75.2 miles , pop. 247,057). Nearest city with pop. 1,000,000: Los Angeles, CA (80.0 miles , pop. 3,694,820). Single-family new house construction building permits: 1997: 32 buildings , average cost: 192,200 1998: 51 buildings , average cost: 225,100 1999: 42 buildings , average cost: 231,000 2000: 33 buildings , average cost: 142,500 2001: 32 buildings , average cost: 234,100 2002: 60 buildings , average cost: 197,800 2003: 52 buildings , average cost: 319,300 2004: 61 buildings , average cost: 207,300 2005: 42 buildings , average cost: 295,100 2006: 47 buildings , average cost: 424,700 2007: 32 buildings , average cost: 424,700 2008: 19 buildings , average cost: 424,700 2009: 16 buildings , average cost: 424,700 2010: 18 buildings , average cost: 424,700 2011: 15 buildings , average cost: 424,700 2012: 10 buildings , average cost: 262,700 2013: 25 buildings , average cost: 461,800 2014: 7 buildings , average cost: 941,700 Number of permits per 10,000 residents Management occupations (13) Food preparation and serving related occupations (10) Construction and extraction occupations (8) Sales a nd related occupations (8) Business and financial operations occupations (7) Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations (7) Education, training, and library occupations (7) Office and administrative support occupations (16) Sales and related occupations (12) Management occupations (12) Education, training, and library occupations (10) Personal care and service occupations (10) Food preparation and serving related occupations (7) Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations (6) Average climate in Santa Barbara, California Based on data reported by over 4,000 weather stations Earthquake activity: Santa Barbara-area historical earthquake activity is near California state average. It is 684 greater than the overall U. S. average. On 7211952 at 11:52:14 , a magnitude 7.7 (7.7 UK , Class: Major , Intensity: VIII - XII) earthquake occurred 56.8 miles away from the city center, causing 50,000,000 total damage On 1141927 at 13:51:53 , a magnitude 7.5 (7.5 UK) earthquake occurred 82.2 miles away from Santa Barbara center On 6281992 at 11:57:34 , a magnitude 7.6 (6.2 MB , 7.6 MS , 7.3 MW , Depth: 0.7 mi) earthquake occurred 182.6 miles away from the city center, causing 3 deaths ( 1 shaking deaths , 2 other deaths) and 400 injuries , causing 100,000,000 total damage and 40,000,000 insured losses On 10161999 at 09:46:44 , a magnitude 7.4 (6.3 MB , 7.4 MS , 7.2 MW , 7.3 ML) earthquake occurred 187.1 miles away from the city center On 4181906 at 13:12:21 , a magnitude 7.9 (7.9 UK) earthquake occurred 307.7 miles away from Santa Barbara center, causing 524,000,000 total damage On 1171994 at 12:30:55 , a magnitude 6.8 (6.4 MB , 6.8 MS , 6.7 MW , Depth: 11.4 mi , Class: Strong , Intensity: VII - IX) earthquake occurred 67.7 miles away from the city center, causing 60 deaths ( 60 shaking deaths) and 7000 injuries Magnitude types: body-wave magnitude (MB), local magnitude (ML), surface-wave magnitude (MS), moment magnitude (MW) Natural disasters: The number of natural disasters in Santa Barbara County (26) is a lot greater than the US average (13). Major Disasters (Presidential) Declared: 19 Emergencies Declared: 3 Causes of natural disasters: Floods: 13 , Fires: 9 , Storms: 8 , Winter Storms: 5 , Mudslides: 4 , Landslides: 3 , Drought: 1 , Earthquake: 1 , Freeze: 1 , Hurricane: 1 , Tornado: 1 , Wind: 1 (Note: Some incidents may be assigned to more than one category). Birthplace of: Jeffrey Peterson - Computer businessman , Ernie Zampese - Football coach , Chuck Liddell - Martial artist , James Arnold Taylor - Impressionists , Edie Sedgwick - (1943-1971), actress , Anthony Edwards - Actor , Corey Deuel - Pool player , Alex D. Linz - ( born 1989), actor , Alex Mack - Football player , Glen Phillips - Singer-songwriter. Main business address for: EARTHSHELL CORP ( PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS BOXES ), PACIFIC CAPITAL BANCORP CA ( STATE COMMERCIAL BANKS ), INAMED CORP ( ORTHOPEDIC, PROSTHETIC SURGICAL APPLIANCES SUPPLIES ), SUPERCONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGIES INC ( RADIO TV BROADCASTING COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT ), MIRAVANT MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES ( PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS ), CALLWAVE INC ( TELEGRAPH OTHER MESSAGE COMMUNICATIONS ), BIG DOG HOLDINGS INC ( RETAIL-FAMILY CLOTHING STORES ), MENTOR CORP MN ( ORTHOPEDIC, PROSTHETIC SURGICAL APPLIANCES SUPPLIES ) and 2 other public companies . Hospitals in Santa Barbara: GOLETA VALLEY COTTAGE HOSPITAL (Voluntary non-profit - Other, provides emergency services, 351 S PATTERSON AVE) HOSPICE OF SANTA BARBARA, INC (330 E GARILLO ST) MILTON HOUSE (825 N KELLOGG) SANTA BARBARA CNTY PSYCH HLTH FACILITY (315 CAMINO DEL REMEDIO) SANTA BARBARA COTTAGE HOSPITAL (Voluntary non-profit - Private, 400 WEST PUEBLO) SCHICK SHADEL HOSPITAL (45 E ALAMAR AVE) Nursing Homes in Santa Barbara: BUENA VISTA CARE CENTER (160 S PATTERSON AVE) CASA DORINDA (300 HOT SPRINGS RD) CENTRAL COAST NURSING CENTER (3880 VIA LUCERO) MISSION TERRACE CONVALESCENT HOSPITAL (623 W JUNIPERO ST) REHABILITATION INSTITUTE AT SB, THE (427 CAMINO DEL REMEDIO) SAMARKAND SKILLED NURSING FACILITY (2566 TREASURE DR) SANTA BARBARA CONVALESCENT HOSPITAL (2225 DE LA VINA ST) SANTA BARBARA COTTAGE CARE CENTER (2415 DE LA VINA ST) ST FRANCIS MED CTR OF S. B. (601 E MICHEL TORENA) VALLE VERDE HEALTH FACILITY (900 CALLE DE LOS AMIGOS) VISTA DEL MONTE (3775 MODOC RD) Dialysis Faciliti es in Santa Barbara: FMC-SANTA BARBARA COMMUNITY DIALYSIS CENTER (222 PESETAS LANE) SANTA BARBARA ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY CENTER, LLC (1704 STATE STREET) Home Health Centers in Santa Barbara: ASSISTED HEALTHCARE SERVICES (228 W CARRILLO ST STE B) CARMEL HOME HEALTH SERVICES INC (5266 HOLLISTER AVE STE 108) COMMUNITY HOME HEALTH INC (360 S HOPE AVE STE C-200) FOREMOST HOME CARE OF CALIFORNIA, INC (16 W MISSION ST, STE N) VISITING NURSE AND HOSPICE CARE OF SANTA BARBARA (222 E CANON PERDIDO ST) Airports and heliports located in Santa Barbara: Amtrak station: SANTA BARBARA (209 STATE ST.) . Services: ticket office, fully wheelchair accessible, enclosed waiting area, public restrooms, public payphones, full-service food facilities, free short-term parking, call for car rental service, call for taxi service, public transit connection. CollegesUniversities in Santa Barbara: University of California-Santa Barbara ( Full-time enrollment: 22,806 Location: 5221 Cheadle Hall Public Website: ucsb. edu Offers Doctors degree ) Santa Barbara City College ( FT enrollment: 12,568 Location: 721 Cliff Drive Public Website: sbcc. edu) Westmont College ( FT enrollment: 1,416 Location: 955 La Paz Rd Private, not-for-profit Website: westmont. edu) Fielding Graduate University ( FT enrollment: 1,024 Location: 2020 De La Vina St Private, not-for-profit Website: fielding. edu Offers Doctors degree ) Brooks Institute ( FT enrollment: 767 Location: 2527 Mason Street Private, for-profit Website: brooks. edu Offers Masters degree ) Antioch University-Santa Barbara ( FT enrollment: 345 Location: 602 Anacapa Street Private, not-for-profit Website: antiochsb. edu Offers Doctors degree ) Paul Mitchell the School-Santa Barbara ( FT enrollment: 199 Location: 525 Anacapa St Private, for-profit Website: santabarbara. paulmitchell. edu) The Santa Barbara an d Ventura Colleges of LawSanta Barbara ( Location: 20 E Victoria St Private, not-for-profit Website: collegesoflaw. edu Offers Doctors degree ) Other collegesuniversities with over 2000 students near Santa Barbara: Ventura College ( about 30 miles Ventura, CA Full-time enrollment: 8,460) Oxnard College ( about 37 miles Oxnard, CA FT enrollment: 3,879) California State University-Channel Islands ( about 43 miles Camarillo, CA FT enrollment: 4,163) California Lutheran University ( about 50 miles Thousand Oaks, CA FT enrollment: 4,103) Moorpark College ( about 51 miles Moorpark, CA FT enrollment: 9,338) Taft College ( about 53 miles Taft, CA FT enrollment: 2,121) Allan Hancock College ( about 54 miles Santa Maria, CA FT enrollment: 6,639) Biggest public high schools in Santa Barbara: Private high schools in Santa Barbara: LAGUNA BLANCA SCHOOL ( Students: 343, Location: 4125 PALOMA DR, Grades: KG-12) BISHOP GARCIA DIEGO HIGH SCHOOL ( Students: 286, Location: 4000 LA COLINA RD, Grades : 9-12) SANTA BARBARA MIDDLE SCHOOL ( Students: 126, Location: 1321 ALAMEDA PADRE SERRA, Grades: 6-9) PROVIDENCE HALL ( Students: 87, Location: 33 E MICHELTORENA ST, Grades: 7-12) ANACAPA SCHOOL ( Students: 50, Location: 814 SANTA BARBARA ST, Grades: 7-12) Biggest public elementarymiddle schools in Santa Barbara: Private elementarymiddle schools in Santa Barbara: ST RAPHAEL ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ( Students: 297, Location: 160 SAINT JOSEPHS ST, Grades: PK-8) CRANE COUNTRY DAY SCHOOL ( Students: 250, Location: 1795 SAN LEANDRO LN, Grades: KG-8) OUR LADY OF MOUNT CARMEL SCHOOL ( Students: 209, Location: 530 HOT SPRINGS RD, Grades: PK-8) NOTRE DAME SCHOOL ( Students: 177, Location: 33 E MICHELTORENA ST, Grades: PK-8) EL MONTECITO SCHOOL ( Students: 126, Location: 3214 CALLE CEDRO, Grades: PK-6) SANTA BARBARA CHRISTIAN SCHOOL ( Students: 73, Location: 3723 MODOC RD, Grades: KG-8) CACHUMA ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ( Students: 19, Location: 4500 HIGHWAY 154, Grades: PK-7) SANTA BARBARA ADVENTIST SCHOOL ( Students: 8, Location: 425 ARROYO RD, Grades: 3-8) Library in Santa Barbara: SANTA BARBARA PUBLIC LIBRARY ( Operating income: 6,312,404 Location: 40 E. ANAPAMU ST. 320,268 books 26,668 audio materials 20,521 video materials 7 local licensed databases 1 state licensed databases 12 other licensed databases 586 print serial subscriptions ) User submitted facts and corrections: KDB (93.7 FM) is now owned by the Santa Barbara Foundation, a non-profit foundation. Santa Francis Hospital in Santa Barbara is no longer there, they shut their doors to the public. Alice Keck Memorial Park is not the correct name of this lovely little garden spot. Its named after Alice Keck Park, and the correct name is Alice Keck Park Memorial Garden. Santa Barbara is the Birthplace of Actor JOSEPH BOTTOMS. You have forgotten about it. Now He is an owner of Art Gallery in State Street. Notable locations in Santa Barbara: Santa Barbara Lighthouse (A). Plaza Commercial Center (B). Santa Barbara Yacht Club (C). Santa Barbara Municipal Golf Course (D). Santa Barbara County Bowl (E). One Thousand Steps (F). Moreton Bay Fig Tree (G). Leibengood Professional Business Center (H). Twin Lakes Golf Course (I). Montecito Country Club (J). Santa Barbara Public Library (K). Santa Barbara Historical Society Museum (L). Santa Barbara Historical Society Library (M). Santa Barbara County Law Library (N). Santa Barbara County Courthouse (O). Santa Barbara County Administration Building (P). Santa Barbara City Hall (Q). Santa Barbara Chamber of Commerce (R). Montessori Childrens Home (S). Lobero Theatre (T). Displayhide their locations on the map Shopping Centers: Paseo Nuevo Shopping Center (1). Milpitas Shopping Center (2). Carrillo Plaza Shopping Center (3). Mission Creek Plaza Shopping Center (4). Mesa Shopping Center (5). Loreto Plaza Shopping Center (6). La Cumbre Plaza Shopping Center (7). Five Points Shopping Center (8). Displayhide their locations on the map Main business address in Santa Barbara include: EARTHSHELL CORP (A). PACIFIC CAPITAL BANCORP CA (B). CALLWAVE INC (C). BIG DOG HOLDINGS INC (D). Displayhide their locations on the map Churches in Santa Barbara include: Mission Santa Barbara (A). New Covenant Worship Center (B). Bethany Congregational Church (C). Church of the Open Bible (D). Emmanuel Lutheran Church (E). Faith Mission (F). First Baptist Church (G). First Presbyterian Church (H). Friendship Missionary Baptist Church (I). Displayhide their locations on the map Reservoirs and swamps: Vic Trace Reservoir (A). Sheffield Reservoir (B). Goleta Slough (C). Displayhide their locations on the map Streams, rivers, and creeks: Las Vegas Creek (A). Sycamore Creek (B). San Roque Creek (C). Tecolotito Creek (D). Arroyo Burro (E). Displayhide their locations on the map Parks in Santa Barbara include: Los Robles Park (1). Bohnett Park (2). Earl Warren Show Grounds (3). Escondido Park (4). Harding Recreation Center (5). Hilda McIntyre Ray Park (6). Honda Valley Park (7). La Playa Field (8). Las Positas Park (9). Displayhide their locations on the map Tourist attractions: Casa Del Herrero (Cultural Attractions - Events - Facilities 1387 East Valley Road) (1). The Palace Grill (8 East Cota) (2). Chase Palm Park Antique Carousel (223 East Cabrillo Boulevard) (3). Adventours Outdoor Excursions (Tours Charters 726 Reddk St) (4). A Santa Barbara Trolley (Tours Charters 36 State Street) (5). Displayhide their approximate locations on the map Hotels: Bayberry Inn Santa Barbara (111 West Valerio Street) (1). Bed Breakfast Santa Barbara (219 East Stearns Wharf) (2). Bed Breakfast Blue Quail Inn (1908 Bath Street) (3). Best Western Beachside Inn (336 West Cabrillo Boulevard) (4). Four Seasons Resort The Biltmore Santa Barbara (1260 Channel Drive) (5). Secret Garden Inn Cottages (1908 Bath St.) (6). Santa Barbara Hot Spots (36 State St.) (7). Best Western Encina Lodge And Suites (2220 Bath St) (8). Arcana Corporation (118 Nopalitos Way) (9). Displayhide their approximate locations on the map Courts: Courts - Federal - Bankruptcy Court - Clerks Office Information (1415 State Street) (1). Environmental Health Services (105 East Anapamu Street) (2). Santa Barbara County Education Office - Community And Juvenile Court Schools - Auto Occupat (700 East Anapamu Street) (3). Santa Barbara County Education Office - Community And Juvenile Court Schools - Auto (700 East Anapamu Street) (4). Santa Barbara County - Information Line - Criminal Operations - Superior C (118 East Figueroa Street) (5). Santa Barbara County Education Office - Community And Juvenile Court Schools - Community Sch (Star Route) (6). Santa Barbara County - Jury Services Superior Court - Santa Barbara (1108 Santa Barbara Street) (7). Santa Barbara County - Superior Court - Santa Barbara - Court Administr (1100 Anacapa Street) (8). Santa Barbara County Education Office - Community And Juvenile Court Sch (3970 La Colina Road) (9). Displayhide their approximate locations on the map Santa Barbara County has a predicted average indoor radon screening level greater than 4 pCiL (pico curies per liter) - Highest Potential Air pollution and air quality trends (lower is better) Air Quality Index (AQI) level in 2013 was 75.0 . This is about average. Likely homosexual households (counted as self-reported same-sex unmarried-partner households) Lesbian couples: 0.5 of all households Gay men: 0.5 of all households People in group quarters in Santa Barbara in 2010: 491 people in other noninstitutional facilities 375 people in nursing facilitiesskilled-nursing facilities 262 people in emergency and transitional shelters (with sleeping facilities) for people experiencing homelessness 233 people in group homes intended for adults 164 people in residential treatment centers for adults 40 people in correctional facilities intended for juveniles 25 people in residential treatment centers for juveniles (non-correctional) 15 people in workers group living quarters and job corps centers 11 people in correctional residential facilities 7 people in collegeuniversity student housing 4 people in group homes for juveniles (non-correctional) People in group quarters in Santa Barbara in 2000: 2,725 people in college dormitories (includes college quart ers off campus) 950 people in other noninstitutional group quarters 477 people in nursing homes 132 people in homes or halfway houses for drugalcohol abuse 64 people in homes for the mentally ill 56 people in religious group quarters 55 people in other group homes 36 people in other nonhousehold living situations 19 people in homes for the mentally retarded 3 people in military ships Arena or stadium: UCSB Events Center. University of California, Santa Barbara. Banks with most branches in Santa Barbara (2011 data): Santa Barbara Bank Trust, National Association: 11 branches . Info updated 20110609: Bank assets: 5,847.9 mil , Deposits: 4,684.3 mil , local headquarters , positive income . Commercial Lending Specialization , 48 total offices , Holding Company: Sb Acquisition Company, Llc Rabobank, National Association: Santa Barbara Branch, Santa Barbara Branch, Cottage Branch, Hollister Branch . Info updated 20110127: Bank assets: 11,745.0 mil , Deposits: 8,446.0 mil , headquarters in Roseville, CA , positive income . Agricultural Specialization , 124 total offices , Holding Company: Cooperatieve Centrale Raiffeisen-Boerenleenbank B. A. rabobank Nederland Bank of America, National Association: North Santa Barbara Branch, Montecito Branch, Santa Barbara Main Branch . Info updated 20091118: Bank assets: 1,451,969.3 mil , Deposits: 1,077,176.8 mil , headquarters in Charlotte, NC , positive income , 5782 total offices , Holding Company: Bank Of America Corporation Montecito Bank Trust: La Cumbre Branch at 3802 State Street , branch established on 19811019 at 1000 State Street , branch established on 19750317 . Info updated 20090407: Bank assets: 1,018.4 mil , Deposits: 875.7 mil , local headquarters , positive income . Commercial Lending Specialization , 10 total offices , Holding Company: Montecito Bancorp JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association: Santa Barbara Northside Branch at 3768 State Street , branch established on 19860630 1302 State Street Branch at 1302 State Street , branch established on 19190101 . Info updated 20111110: Bank assets: 1,811,678.0 mil , Deposits: 1,190,738.0 mil , headquarters in Columbus, OH , positive income . International Specialization , 5577 total offices , Holding Company: Jpmorgan Chase Co. U. S. Bank National Association: Goleta Ralphs Branch at 5170 Hollister Ave , branch established on 20030827 Santa Barbara Branch at 936 State Street , branch established on 20110110 . Info updated 20120130: Bank assets: 330,470.8 mil , Deposits: 236,091.5 mil , headquarters in Cincinnati, OH , positive income , 3121 total offices , Holding Company: U. S. Bancorp Wells Fargo Bank, National Association: La Cumbre Plaza Branch at 3804 State Street , branch established on 19681011 Santa Barbara Main Branch at 1036 Anacapa Street , branch established on 19590601 . Info updated 20110405: Bank assets: 1,161,490.0 mil , Deposits: 905,653.0 mil , headquarters in Sioux Falls, SD , positive income , 6395 total offices , Holding Company: Wells Fargo Company Bank of the West: Santa Barbara North Branch at 3780 State Street , branch established on 19541115 Santa Barbara Main Branch at 1036 State Street , branch established on 19541201 . Info updated 20091116: Bank assets: 62,408.3 mil , Deposits: 43,995.2 mil , headquarters in San Francisco, CA , positive income , 647 total offices , Holding Company: Bnp Paribas Citibank, National Association: 5186 Hollister Avenue, St B Branch at 5186 Hollister Avenue, St B , branch established on 19341001 3757 State St Branch at 3757 State St , branch established on 19341001 . Info updated 20120110: Bank assets: 1,288,658.0 mil , Deposits: 882,541.0 mil , headquarters in Sioux Falls, SD , positive income . International Specialization , 1048 total offices , Holding Company: Citigroup Inc. 7 other banks with 8 local branches Educational Attainment () in 2015 Source: Clifford Grammich, Kirk Hadaway, Richard Houseal, Dale E. Jones, Alexei Krindatch, Richie Stanley and Richard H. Taylor. 2012. 2010 U. S.Religion Census: Religious Congregations Membership Study. Association of Statisticians of American Religious Bodies. Jones, Dale E. et al. 2002. Congregations and Membership in the United States 2000. Nashville, TN: Glenmary Research Center. Graphs represent county-level data Food Environment Statistics: Number of grocery stores . 105 Santa Barbara County : Number of supercenters and club stores . 2 Number of convenience stores (no gas) . 30 Santa Barbara County : Number of convenience stores (with gas) . 74 Santa Barbara County : Number of full-service restaurants . 388 Adult diabetes rate : Adult obesity rate : Santa Barbara County : Low-income preschool obesity rate : Health and Nutrition: Healthy diet rate : Average overall health of teeth and gums : People feeling badly about themselves : People not drinking alcohol at all : Average hours sleeping at night : General health condition : Average condition of hearing : Local government employment and payroll (March 2013) Monthly full-time payroll Average yearly full-time wage Monthly part-time payroll Other Government Administration Judicial and Legal Police Protection - Officers Streets and Highways Water Transport and Terminals Solid Waste Management Parks and Recreation Housing and Community Development(Local) Other and Unallocable Totals for Government Santa Barbara government finances - Expenditure in 2006 (per resident): Construction - Housing and Community Development: 25,085,000 (275.07) Regular Highways: 17,585,000 (192.83) Parks and Recreation: 1,893,000 (20.76) Libraries: 716,000 (7.85) Central Staff Services: 420,000 (4.61) Health - Other: 146,000 (1.60) Local Fire Protection: 121,000 (1.33) Current Operations - Police Protection: 29,360,000 (321.94) Water Utilities: 23,385,000 (256.43) Local Fire Protection: 17,874,000 (196.00) Parks and Recreation: 16,083,000 (176.36) Solid Waste Management: 13,234,000 (145.12) Air Transportation: 11,470,000 (125.77) Regular Highways: 9,576,000 (105.00) Sea and Inland Port Facilities: 8,323,000 (91.26) Central Staff Services: 7,547,000 (82.76) Parking Facilities: 5,541,000 (60.76) Libraries: 5,303,000 (58.15) Financial Administration: 4,805,000 (52.69) Housing and Community Development: 4,684,000 (51.36) Protective Inspection and Regulation, NEC: 4,459,000 (48.89) Sewerage: 3,517,000 (38.57) General - Other: 2,211,000 (24.24) Judicial and Legal Services: 2,036,000 (22.33) Health - Other: 522,000 (5.72) General - Interest on Debt: 3,829,000 (41.99) Other Capital Outlay - Sea and Inland Port Facilities: 1,376,000 (15.09) Water Utili ties: 1,073,000 (11.77) General - Other: 358,000 (3.93) Parks and Recreation: 184,000 (2.02) Police Protection: 19,000 (0.21) Protective Inspection and Regulation, NEC: 14,000 (0.15) Total Salaries and Wages: 72,668,000 (796.83) Water Utilities - Interest on Debt: 291,000 (3.19) Santa Barbara government finances - Revenue in 2006 (per resident): Charges - All Other: 19,052,000 (208.91) Solid Waste Management: 14,905,000 (163.44) Air Transportation: 13,876,000 (152.16) Sewerage: 12,024,000 (131.85) Sea and Inland Port Facilities: 10,279,000 (112.71) Parking Facilities: 5,834,000 (63.97) Regular Highways: 4,571,000 (50.12) Parks and Recreation: 4,155,000 (45.56) Housing and Community Development: 2,177,000 (23.87) Federal Intergovernmental - Air Transportation: 12,329,000 (135.19) Housing and Community Development: 2,083,000 (22.84) Highways: 1,116,000 (12.24) Water Utilities: 29,000 (0.32) Miscellaneous - Interest Earnings: 10,451,000 (114.60) Fines and Forfeits: 3,318,000 (36.38) Gener al Revenue, NEC: 2,829,000 (31.02) Rents: 405,000 (4.44) Sale of Property: 258,000 (2.83) Revenue - Water Utilities: 27,320,000 (299.57) State Intergovernmental - General Local Government Support: 11,917,000 (130.67) All Other: 3,105,000 (34.05) Highways: 1,649,000 (18.08) Housing and Community Development: 414,000 (4.54) Tax - Property: 27,771,000 (304.52) Public Utilities Sales: 15,682,000 (171.96) General Sales and Gross Receipts: 14,742,000 (161.65) Other Selective Sales: 14,439,000 (158.33) Other License: 3,071,000 (33.67) Occupation and Business License, NEC: 2,169,000 (23.78) Documentary and Stock Transfer: 685,000 (7.51) Santa Barbara government finances - Debt in 2006 (per resident): Long Term Debt - Beginning Outstanding - Unspecified Public Purpose: 182,980,000 (2006.45) Outstanding Unspecified Public Purpose: 178,010,000 (1951.95) Retired Unspecified Public Purpose: 8,532,000 (93.56) Issue, Unspecified Public Purpose: 3,561,000 (39.05) Santa Barbara government finances - Ca sh and Securities in 2006 (per resident): Bond Funds - Cash and Securities: 61,517,000 (674.56) Other Funds - Cash and Securities: 125,301,000 (1373.97) Sinking Funds - Cash and Securities: 696,000 (7.63) 5.04 of this countys 2011 resident taxpayers lived in other counties in 2010 (45,693 average adjusted gross income ) Strongest AM radio stations in Santa Barbara: KTMS (990 AM 5 kW SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: CITICASTERS LICENSES, L. P.) KBKO (1490 AM 1 kW SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: CITICASTERS LICENSES, L. P.) KTLK (1340 AM 1 kW SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: CITICASTERS LICENSES, L. P.) KZBN (1290 AM 1 kW SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: ROTIJEFCO, INC.) KEYT (1250 AM 3 kW SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: SMITH BROADCASTING OF SANTA BARBARA LIMITED PARTNERSHIP) KGDP (660 AM 50 kW ORCUTT, CA Owner: RADIO REPRESENTATIVES, INC.) KSPN (710 AM 50 kW LOS ANGELES, CA Owner: KABC-AM RADIO, INC.) KACD (850 AM 25 kW THOUSAND OAKS, CA Owner: CITICASTERS LICENSES, L. P.) KLAC (570 AM 50 kW LOS ANGELES, CA Owner: AMFM RADIO L ICENSES, L. L.C.) KIRN (670 AM 35 kW SIMI VALLEY, CA Owner: LOTUS OXNARD CORP.) KFI (640 AM 50 kW LOS ANGELES, CA Owner: CAPSTAR TX LIMITED PARTNERSHIP) KERI (1180 AM 50 kW WASCO-GREENACRES, CA Owner: KWSO, INC.) KFWB (980 AM 50 kW LOS ANGELES, CA Owner: INFINITY BROADCASTING OPERATIONS, INC.) Strongest FM radio stations in Santa Barbara: K254AH (98.7 FM ISLA VISTA, CA Owner: PACIFICA FOUNDATION, INC.) KTYD (99.9 FM SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: CITICASTERS LICENSES, L. P.) KSBX (89.5 FM SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: KCBX, INC.) KJEE (92.9 FM MONTECITO, CA Owner: MONTECITO, FM, INC) K218CP (91.5 FM SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: CALVARY CHAPEL OF TWIN FALLS, INC.) KFAC (88.7 FM SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA) KDB (93.7 FM SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: PACIFIC BROADCASTING COMPANY) KKSB (106.3 FM GOLETA, CA Owner: CUMULUS LICENSING CORP.) KSBL (101.7 FM CARPINTERIA, CA Owner: CITICASTERS LICENSES, L. P.) K295AH (106.9 FM GOLETA, CA Owner: THE ASSOC. FOR COMMUNITY EDUC. INC) KIST-FM (107.7 FM SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: CITICASTERS LICENSES, L. P.) KRAZ (105.9 FM SANTA YNEZ, CA Owner: KNIGHT BROADCASTING, INC.) KRUZ (103.3 FM SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: CUMULUS LICENSING CORP.) KSPE-FM (94.5 FM ELLWOOD, CA Owner: CITICASTERS LICENSES, L. P.) KMGQ (97.5 FM SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: CUMULUS LICENSING CORP.) KCSB-FM (91.9 FM SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA) WICI-FM (94.7 FM SUMTER, SC Owner: MILLER COMMUNICATIONS, INC.) K210CH (89.9 FM OAK VIEW, CA Owner: LIFE ON THE WAY COMMUNICATIONS, INC.) KCAQ (104.7 FM OXNARD, CA Owner: GOLD COAST BROADCASTING LLC) KOCP (95.9 FM CAMARILLO, CA Owner: GOLD COAST BROADCASTING LLC) TV broadcast stations around Santa Barbara: KVMM-CA ( Channel 41 SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: CABALLERO TELEVISION TEXAS, L. L.C.) KSBB-LP ( Channel 17 SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: SMITH BROADCASTING OF SANTA BARBARA, LP) KSBT-LP ( Channel 32 SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: ARNOLD N. APPLEBAUM) K49EK ( Channel 49 SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: COASTLINE C OMMUNICATIONS, INC.) K46GC ( Channel 46 SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: PENNY DRUCKER) KTRO-LP ( Channel 50 LANCASTER, CA Owner: ROBERT D. ADELMAN) K08MP ( Channel 8 SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: MELISSA HARNETT) KTSB-LP ( Channel 43 SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: ENTRAVISION HOLDINGS, LLC) KBAB-LP ( Channel 51 SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: BILTMORE BROADCASTING CORPORATION) K23EQ ( Channel 23 VENTURA, CA Owner: EQUITY BROADCASTING CORPORATION) K59CD ( Channel 59 SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: NVG-SANTA BARBARA II, LLC) KJLA ( Channel 57 VENTURA, CA Owner: KJLA, LLC) KEYT-TV ( Channel 3 SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: SMITH BROADCASTING OF SANTA BARBARA, LP) KPMR ( Channel 38 SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: ENTRAVISION HOLDINGS, LLC) K15DB ( Channel 15 SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: TRINITY BROADCASTING NETWORK) K26FT ( Channel 26 SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: COMMUNITY TV OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA) KWHY-LP ( Channel 22 SANTA BARBARA, CA Owner: TELEMUNDO OF LOS ANGELES LICENSE CORPORATION) Fatal accident count (per 100,000 population) Drinki ng water stations with addresses in Santa Barbara and their reported violations in the past: RANCHO SAN MARCOS GOLF COURSE ( Population served: 1,000 , Groundwater): Past health violations: MCL, Monthly (TCR) - In SEP-2006 , Contaminant: Coliform . Follow-up actions: St Public Notif requested (SEP-01-2006) MCL, Monthly (TCR) - In SEP-2006 , Contaminant: Coliform . Follow-up actions: St Public Notif requested (SEP-01-2006) RANCHO OSO ( Population served: 400 , Surface water): Past health violations: MCL, Monthly (TCR) - In SEP-2008 , Contaminant: Coliform . Follow-up actions: St Public Notif requested (SEP-01-2008) MCL, Monthly (TCR) - In SEP-2008 , Contaminant: Coliform . Follow-up actions: St Public Notif requested (SEP-01-2008) LOWER LINE CREEK IMPRVMNT ASSN ( Population served: 312 , Groundwater): Past health violations: MCL, Monthly (TCR) - In DEC-2012 , Contaminant: Coliform . Follow-up actions: St AO (wo penalty) issued (MAR-01-2013) Past monitoring violations: Monitoring, Repeat Major (TCR) - Between JUL-2012 and SEP-2012 , Contaminant: Coliform (TCR) . Follow-up actions: St ViolationReminder Notice (NOV-19-2012), St AO (wo penalty) issued (MAR-01-2013) 4 routine major monitoring violations One regular monitoring violation RANCHO LA SCHERPA ( Population served: 120 , Groundwater): Past health violations: MCL, Monthly (TCR) - Between OCT-2013 and NOV-2013 , Contaminant: Coliform . Follow-up actions: St Public Notif requested (OCT-01-2013) MCL, Monthly (TCR) - In OCT-2007 , Contaminant: Coliform . Follow-up actions: St Public Notif requested (OCT-01-2007) MCL, Monthly (TCR) - In OCT-2007 , Contaminant: Coliform . Follow-up actions: St Public Notif requested (OCT-01-2007) MCL, Monthly (TCR) - In JUL-2007 , Contaminant: Coliform . Follow-up actions: St Public Notif requested (JUL-01-2007) MCL, Monthly (TCR) - In JUL-2007 , Contaminant: Coliform . Follow-up actions: St Public Notif requested (JUL-01-2007) MCL, Monthly (TCR) - In JUL-2006 , Contaminant: Coliform . Follow-up actions: St Public Notif requested (JUL-01-2006) 3 other older health violations SAN MARCOS CHRISTIAN CAMP ( Population served: 75 , Groundwater): Past health violations: MCL, Monthly (TCR) - Between JUL-2013 and AUG-2013 , Contaminant: Coliform . Follow-up actions: St Public Notif requested (JUL-01-2013) MCL, Monthly (TCR) - In APR-2007 , Contaminant: Coliform . Follow-up actions: St Public Notif requested (APR-01-2007) MCL, Monthly (TCR) - In APR-2007 , Contaminant: Coliform . Follow-up actions: St Public Notif requested (APR-01-2007) MCL, Monthly (TCR) - In JUL-2005 , Contaminant: Coliform . Follow-up actions: St Public Notif requested (JUL-01-2005) MCL, Monthly (TCR) - In JUL-2005 , Contaminant: Coliform . Follow-up actions: St Public Notif requested (JUL-01-2005) SANTA BARBARA PISTACHIO CO ( Population served: 25 , Groundwater): Past health violations: MCL, Monthly (TCR) - In JUN-2005 , Contaminant: Coliform . Follow-up actions: St Public Notif requested (JUN-01-2005) MCL, Monthly (TCR) - In JUN-2005 , Contaminant: Coliform . Follow-up actions: St Public Notif requested (JUN-01-2005) FREMONTSY IMPROVEMENT ASSN. ( Population served: 25 , Groundwater): Past health violations: MCL, Monthly (TCR) - In JUL-2007 , Contaminant: Coliform . Follow-up actions: St Public Notif requested (JUL-01-2007) MCL, Monthly (TCR) - In JUL-2007 , Contaminant: Coliform . Follow-up actions: St Public Notif requested (JUL-01-2007) PARADISE STORE ( Population served: 25 , Groundwater): Past health violations: MCL, Monthly (TCR) - In AUG-2012 , Contaminant: Coliform . Follow-up actions: St ViolationReminder Notice (AUG-27-2002) Drinking water stations with addresses in Santa Barbara that have no violations reported: LAFOND WINERY ( Population served: 900 , Primary Water Source Type: Groundwater) RANCHO ALEGRE ( Population served: 500 , Primary Water Source Type: Surface water) PACIFICA SUITES ( Population served: 152 , Primary Water Source Type: Groundwater) FLAG IS UP FARMS ( Population served: 150 , Primary Water Source Type: Groundwater) PARADISE CYN. IMPROVEMENT CORP ( Population served: 147 , Primary Water Source Type: Groundwater) LIVE OAK CAMPGROUND ( Population served: 100 , Primary Water Source Type: Surface water) COLD SPRING TAVERN ( Population served: 100 , Primary Water Source Type: Surface water) LOS PRIETOS BOY S CAMPACADEMY ( Population served: 68 , Primary Water Source Type: Groundwater) KENNETH VOLK VINEYARDS ( Population served: 35 , Primary Water Source Type: Groundwater) WHITE LOTUS FOUNDATION ( Population served: 35 , Primary Water Source Type: Groundwater) 2006 National Fire Incident Reporting System Incidents: Incident types - Santa Barbara Fire-safe hotels and motels in Santa Barbara, California: Fess Parkers Doubletree Resort, 633 E Cabrillo Blvd, Santa Barbara, California 93103 . Phone: (805) 564-4333, Fax: (805) 962-4275 Quality Suites Santa Barbara, 5490 Hollister Ave, Santa Barbara, California 93117 . Phone: (805) 683-6722 Hotel Mar Monte, 1111 E Cabrillo Blvd, Santa Barbara, California 93103 . Phone: (805) 963-0744, Fax: (805) 962-0985 Best Western Inn, 2220 Bath St, Santa Barbara, California 93105 . Phone: (805) 682-7277, Fax: (805) 563-9319 Eagle Inn, 232 Natoma Ave, Santa Barbara, California 93101 . Phone: (805) 965-3586, Fax: (805) 966-1218 Ramada Limited, 4770 Calle Real, Santa Barbara, California 93110 . Phone: (805) 964-3511, Fax: (805) 964-0075 Villa Rosa Inn, 15 Chapala St, Santa Barbara, California 93101 . Phone: (805) 966-0851, Fax: (805) 962-7159 Extended Stay America - Santa Barbara - Calle Real, 4870 Calle Real, Santa Barbara, California 93111 . Phone: (805) 692-1882, Fax: (805) 692-1833 7 other hotels and motels All 15 fire-safe hotels and motels in Santa Barbara, CaliforniaMost common first names in Santa Barbara, CA among deceased individuals Santa Barbara compared to California state average: Median house value above state average. Unemployed percentage significantly below state average. Black race population percentage significantly below state average. Median age above state average. Length of stay since moving in significantly above state average. House age above state average. Percentage of population with a bachelors degree or higher significantly above state average. Santa Barbara on our top lists : 5 on the list of Top 100 cities with highest ratio of median house value to median household income (pop. 50,000) 15 on the list of Top 101 cities with largest percentage of females in occupations: Legal occupations (population 50,000) 16 on the list of Top 101 cities with largest percentage of females in occupations: Personal care and service occupations (population 50,000) 17 on the list of Top 101 cities with the smallest temperature differences during a year (population 50,000) 20 on the list of Top 101 cities with largest percentage of females in industries: Real estate and rental and leasing (population 50,000) 21 on the list of Top 101 cities with the most local government spending on current operations of parking facilities per resident (population 10,000) 22 on the list of Top 101 cities with the most residents born in Other South Eastern Asia (population 500) 25 on the list of Top 100 cities with highest median house value (pop. 50,000) 26 on the list of Top 101 cities with largest percentage of females in occupations: Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations (population 50,000) 26 on the list of Top 101 cities with the most people taking a bicycle to work (population 5,000) 34 on the list of Top 101 cities with largest percentage of workers with very short commute times (9 minutes or less) (population 50,000) 36 on the list of Top 100 cities with smallest houses (pop. 50,000) 39 on the list of Top 101 cities with the largest city-data crime index increase from 2011 to 2012 (population 50,000) 45 on the list of Top 101 cities with largest percentage of females in industries: Other services, except public administration (population 50,000) 46 on the list of Top 101 cities with largest percentage of males in occupations: Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations (population 50,000) 46 on the list of Top 100 cities with strongest arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation and food services industries (pop. 50,000) 50 on the list of Top 101 cities with largest percentage of females in occupations: Life, physical, and social science occupations (population 50,000) 51 on the list of Top 100 cities with highest percentage of renters (pop. 50,000) 53 on the list of Top 101 cities with the highest ratio of rapes to murders between 2002 and 2012 (population 50,000) 55 on the list of Top 101 cities with the lowest average snowfall in a year (population 50,000) 40 (93101) on the list of Top 101 zip codes with the most full service restaurants in 2005 17 on the list of Top 101 counties with the lowest Sulfur Oxides Annual air pollution readings in 2012 (181gm 3 ) 32 on the list of Top 101 counties with the highest Nitrogen Dioxide air pollution readings in 2012 (ppm) 38 on the list of Top 101 counties with the lowest number of infant deaths per 1000 residents 2007-2013 (pop. 50,000) 78 on the list of Top 101 counties with the highest carbon monoxide air pollution readings in 2012 (ppm) 81 on the list of Top 101 counties with the largest decrease in the number of infant deaths per 1000 residents 2000-2006 to 2007-2013 (pop. 50,000) There are 408 pilots and 125 other airmen in this city. Top Patent Applicants Shuji Nakamura (167) Bernd Keller (66) Stephen J. Golden (65) James Ibbetson (58) Charles S. Jordan (53) Nicholas Hogasten (53) Marco Pinter (51) Gang Yu (47) Tadao Hashimoto (47) Nicholas A. j. Millington (41) Total of 3453 patent applications in 2008-2017. Recent home sales, price trends, and home value evaluator powered by Onboard Informatics copy 2017 Onboard Informatics. Information is deemed reliable but not guaranteed. City-data does not guarantee the accuracy or timeliness of any information on this site. Use at your own risk. Website copy 2017 Advameg, Inc.